Cytotoxic Activity Against L1210 Leukemia Cells from the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Kenikir Leaves (Cosmos. Caudatus) Preserved by Gamma Irradiation

Susanto Susanto, Ermin Katrin Winarno, Hendig Winarno

Abstract

Kenikir leaves (Cosmos caudatus) Has been used as traditional medicine, especially as an anti-cancer, this plant has been in Indonesia both in herbs and capsules. Microbial contamination of herbal medicinal raw materials occurs when the storage process is done. One of the preservation techniques used in the industry is using gamma irradiation techniques to reduce microbial and fungal contamination. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of gamma irradiation for the preservation of kenikir leaves (C. caudatus) as an anti-cancer based on cytotoxic activity using L1210 leukaemia cells. The simplicia was gamma-irradiated by Co-60 source with variation doses of 0 (control); 5; 7.5; 10; and 15 kGy. Then the irradiated and control samples were macerated successively using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The active extract (ethyl acetate) was further fractionated using column chromatography, obtained seven fractions (F1 - F7). The seven fractions' cytotoxic activity against L1210 leukaemia cells showed that fraction 3 (F3) was the most active fraction with an IC50 of 1.26 µg/mL. Each dose's F3 cytotoxic activity showed that the IC50 7.5 kGy irradiation sample did not change significantly with control (0 kGy) based on ANOVA analysis using SPSS 24 with a 95% confidence level. In comparison, irradiation samples of 10 and 15 kGy showed a change in the IC50 value is significant with the control (0 kGy). These results indicate that gamma irradiation can be used as an alternative for preserving C. caudatus with a maximum dose of 7.5 kGy, so that its anti-cancer properties do not change with those without irradiation.

Keywords

kenikir; Cosmos caudatus; anti cance; L1210 leukemia cells

Full Text:

PDF

References

E. Irwanta, A. HIkmat, and E. A. M. Zuhud, “Diversity of Vegetable Simplisia and Traditional Medicine Product on the Market in Pati Regency, Central Java,” Conserv. Media, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 197–204, 2015.

DOI:10.29244/medkon.20.3.%25p

I. Diana Sari, Y. Yuniar, S. Siahaan, Riswati, and M. Syaripuddin “Community Tradition in Planting and Using Medicinal Plant in Surround Home Yard,” Indones. Pharm. J., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 123–132, 2015.

DOI:10.22435/jki.v5i2.4407.123-132

Z. N. Shabrina, N. P. M. Sumarta, and C. Pramono, “A study of cytotoxicity and proliferation of Cosmos caudatus Kunth leaf extract in human gingival fibroblast culture,” Dent. J. (Majalah Kedokt. Gigi), vol. 51, no. 4, p. 179, 2018.

DOI:10.20473/j.djmkg.v51.i4.p179-184

R. Adawiyah, A. Setiawan, and S. Nita, “Pengaruh Fraksi Aktif Dari Ekstrak Daun Kenikir ( Cosmos Caudatus Kunth ) Terhadap Uji Sitotoksik , Apoptosis Dan Antiproliferasi Kanker Payudara Sel T47d Secara In Vitro” Biomed. J. Indones. J. Biomedik Fak. Kedokt. Univ. Sriwij., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 138–144, 2017.

DOI:10.32539/bji.v3i3.8604

E. F. Fita, D. Listianingsih, Y. A. Hapsari, R. G. Pradana, E. Indah, and I. Arifin. “Efek Sitotoksik Kombinasi Ekstrak Metanol Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus, Kunth) Dan Doksorubisin Terhadap Sel Kanker Payudara T47D Secara In-Vitro Dan In-Silico,” Dk, vol. 53, no. 9, pp. 1689–1699, 2015.

DOI:10.31942/jiffk.v0i0.1343

D. S. M. Lima, M. Amoras, T. Fujishima, B. D. P. Lima, P. C. Mastrorianni, F. F. O. D. Sousa, and J. O. Dasilva, “Microbial contamination in herbal medicines : a serious health hazard to elderly consumers,” BMC Complement. Altern. Med., vol. 1, pp. 1–9, 2020.

DOI:10.1186/s12906-019-2723-1

BPOM, “Persyaratan Mutu Obat Tradisional,” Bpom. pp. 1–16, 2014.

Google Scholar

E. K. W. E. Narulita, Z. Aziz, and H. Winarno, “Iradiasi Sediaan Obat Herbal Temu Putih (Curcuma zedoaria Berg ) Rosc .: Cemaran Mikroba , Sitotoksisitas dan Profil Kromatogram,” J. Ilmu Kefarmasian, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 36–44, 2013.

Google Scholar

B. P. O. dan Makanan, “Peraturan Badan pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia,” 2019.

Google Scholar

M. Handayani and H. Permawati, "Gamma irradiation technology to preservation of foodstuffs as an effort to maintain quality and acquaint the significant role of nuclear on food production to Indonesia society: A Review," Energy Procedia, vol. 127, pp. 302–309, 2017.

DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.08.112

Q. U. Khan, I. Mohammadzai, Z. Shah, Ihsanullah, T. N. Khattak, H. Norren, and W. Hassan, "Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Nutrients and Shelf Life of Peach (Prunus persical) Stored at Ambient Temperature," Open Conf. Proc. J., vol. 09, no. 1, pp. 8–15, 2018.

DOI:10.2174/2210289201809010008

B. Salehi, F. Sharopov, M. Martorell, J. Rajkovic, A. O. Ademiluyi, M. Sharifi-Rad, and J. Sharifi-Rad, "Phytochemicals in Helicobacter pylori infections: What are we doing now?". International journal of molecular sciences, 19(8), 2361.

DOI:10.3390/ijms19082361

E. K. Winarno, H. Winarno, and Susanto, "Antiproliferative Activity of Extracts and Fractions from Irradiated Curcuma zanthorrhiza Rhizomes Against Mouse Leukemia and Human Cancer Cell Lines," Atom Indones., vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 159–164, 2019.

DOI:10.17146/aij.2019.957

R. B. Pebriana, B. W. Wardhani, E. Widayanti, N. L. S. Wijayanti, T. R. Wijayanti, S. Riyanto, and E. Meiyanto, "Pengaruh Ekstrak Metanolik Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) terhadap Pemacu Apoptosis Sel Kanker Payudara," Pharmacon, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 21–26, 2008.

Googel Scholar

F. Ramadhan, L. Mukarramah, F. A. Oktavia, R. Yulian, N. H. Annisiyah, and I. S Assiyah, "Flavonoids from endophytic bacteria of cosmos caudatus Kunth . Leaf as anti-cancer and antimicrobial," ASian J. Pharm. Clin. Res., vol. 11, no. December, pp. 200–2004, 2018.

DOI:10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v11i1.21987

E. K. Winarno, I. R. Reswari, Susanto, and H. Winarno, "Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Solanum Nigrum L and Its Effectiveness as Anti-Cancer," Indones. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., vol. 19, no. 1, p. 21, 2018.

DOI:10.17146/jstni.2018.19.1.3693

E. K. Winarno, H. Winarno, and Susanto, "Antiproliferative activity of extracts and fractions from irradiated Curcuma zanthorrhiza rhizomes against mouse leukemia and human cancer cell lines," Atom Indones., vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 159–164, 2019.

DOI:10.17146/aij.2019.957

A. B. Mahardika, S. Wahyuono, and M. S. hartati Wahyuningsih, "Sitotoxicity Of Compound Isolated FromThe Leaves Of Tithonia Diversifolia (Hemsley A.Gray) Against T47D, MCF-7 AND Evsa-T Cells Arfian," Farm. J., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 401–410, 2016.

DOI:10.22146/farmaseutik.v12i2.26455

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v5i3.46544

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share