Allegation of Research Misconduct

Concerns about fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, manipulated peer review, or other serious breaches may be raised before or after publication. Reports should be sent through Sains Tanahs official editorial contact, identifying the submission or article, the concern, available evidence, and any relevant competing interests. A sufficiently specific anonymous report may also be assessed.

An editor or independent representative will examine the evidence and any conflicts affecting the assessment. The authors will normally be invited to explain the concern and provide relevant records. Independent specialists or the authors’ institutions may be consulted. Institutions investigate the conduct of their researchers; the journal determines the appropriate action concerning its submissions and publications.

The response will reflect the evidence and seriousness of the problem. Possible outcomes include clarification, further review, rejection, a correction, an expression of concern, or retraction. Confidential information will be shared only as necessary for fair assessment. Withdrawal does not automatically close an unresolved integrity case. Complaints about case handling follow Complaints and Appeals.