PENGERINGAN AMPAS TEBU PADA MICROWAVE: KINETIKA PENGERINGAN, DIFFUSI EFEKTIF DAN ASPEK ENERGI

Melvin Emil Simanjuntak, Paini Sri Widyawati

Abstract

Pengeringan merupakan pengurangan kadar air dalam suatu bahan untuk meningkatkan kualitas bahan tersebut. Pada suatu pabrik gula ampas tebu merupakan hasil samping yang digunakan sebagai bahan bakar di boiler. Ampas tebu ini memiliki kadar air yang masih tinggi sehingga masih perlu dikeringkan. Pada penelitian ini pengeringan dilakukan menggunakan microwave dimana ampas tebu dicacah sekitar 3 cm dan sampel setiap percobaan adalah seberat sebesar 150 g. Daya yang digunakan adalah 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 dan 100% dari daya maksimal 900 W. Berat sampel diukur setiap menit dan pengeringan dianggap selesai ketika massanya sudah tidak berubah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model matematika kinetika pengeringan yang paling sesuai adalah model rasional dengan bentuk umum . Persamaan ini memiliki nilai R2 paling kecil sebesar 0,99926 dan nilai RMSE terbesar adalah 0,008874. Diffusi efektif pada kisaran 1,044 x 10-7 (m2/s) hingga 2,009 x 10-7 (m2/s) dan nilai energi aktivasi Ea adalah sebesar 4,789 W/g. SMER terkecil pada kisaran 0,3229 - 0,4756 kg/kWh. Nilai SEC adah sebesar 3,10 hingga 2,10 kWh/kg. Semakin besar daya yang digunakan maka  Deff, SMER, MER semakin besar sedangkan SEC akan semakin kecil.

Keywords

Pengeringan, ampas tebu, microwave, model matematika kinetika, energi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jthp.v15i1.51495

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