Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Gliserol pada Ekstraksi Glukomanan dari Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus)

Triana Kusumaningsih, Melinia Puspita Prahastiwi, Venty Suryanti

Abstract

Kandungan glukomanan yang tinggi pada umbi tanaman porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) telah menjadikannya sebagai salah satu sumber glukomanan potensial di Indonesia. Glukomanan yang dikenal dengan kandungan gulanya yang rendah, dapat menjadi makanan pengganti beras yang sehat. Penelitian ini berfokus pada ekstraksi glukomanan menggunakan gliserol, penentuan kadar proksimat, dan penilaian kadar kalsium oksalat dalam glukomanan. Gliserol cairan yang tidak berwarna, tidak berbau, berasa manis, dan tidak beracun, digunakan dalam proses ekstraksi. Ekstraksi glukomanan melibatkan maserasi dengan berbagai konsentrasi gliserol (45, 65, dan 85% v/v). Proses maserasi dilakukan dengan pengadukan pada 12.000 rpm selama 1 jam, diulang dua kali, dan diikuti dengan tiga kali pencucian dengan air suling. Untuk mengurangi kadar kalsium oksalat pada umbi porang, dilakukan perendaman dalam larutan NaCl 10% dan 20% (b/v) pada suhu 80°C selama 30 menit. Konsentrasi gliserol 85% (v/v) memberikan hasil yang optimal untuk ekstraksi glukomanan, menghasilkan glukomanan dengan kandungan 61,2%. Analisis proksimat menunjukkan glukomanan dengan kadar lemak 0,29%; protein 2,33%; karbohidrat 9,41%; air 9,40%; dan abu 2,08%. Konsentrasi NaCl yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan kadar kalsium oksalat adalah 20%, yang menghasilkan penurunan kadar kalsium oksalat sebesar 88,44%.

 

Effect of Glycerol Concentration Variation on Glucomannan Extraction from Porang Tubers (Amorphophallus oncophyllus). Due to the high glucomannan content in its tubers, the porang plant (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) emerges as a potential glucomannan source in Indonesia. Glucomannan, known for its low sugar content, can serve as a healthy rice substitute. This study focuses on glucomannan extraction using glycerol, determining proximate levels, and assessing calcium oxalate levels in glucomannan. Glycerol, a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting, and non-toxic liquid, was employed in the extraction process. Glucomannan extraction involved maceration with varying glycerol concentrations (45, 65, and 85% v/v). Maceration, accompanied by stirring at 12,000 rpm for 1 hour, was repeated twice, followed by three washes with distilled water. To reduce calcium oxalate levels in porang tubers, soaking using 10% and 20% (w/v) NaCl solution at 80°C for 30 minutes was carried out. An 85% (v/v) glycerol concentration yielded optimal results for glucomannan extraction, producing glucomannan with a content of 61.2%. Proximate analysis indicated glucomannan with 0.29% fat, 2.33% protein, 9.41% carbohydrates, 9.40% water, and 2.08% ash content. The most effective NaCl concentration for reducing calcium oxalate content was 20%, resulting in an 88.44% reduction in calcium oxalate levels

Keywords

glycerol; glucomannan; calcium oxalate; NaCl; porang tuber.

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References

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