Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol, Fraksi Etil Asetat dan n-heksana Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Terhadap Sel Kanker Payudara T47D

Shabarni Gaffar, Riza Apriani, Tati Herlina

Abstract

Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antikanker. Beberapa penelitian telah melaporkan bahwa daun M. oleifera mengandung sejumlah senyawa bioaktif yang memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sitotoksik esktrak etanol, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi n-heksana daun M. oleifera terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D. Daun M. oleifera dimaserasi dengan pelarut etanol 90%. Ekstrak yang diperoleh dipartisi dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksana dan etil asetat. Masing-masing ekstrak etanol, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi n-heksana diuji aktivitas sitotoksiknya terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D menggunakan metode MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium). Konsentrasi ekstrak dan fraksi yang digunakan adalah berturut-turut: 1500, 750, 375, 187, 93, 46, 50 dan 23 μg/mL dengan waktu inkubasi selama 48 jam. Nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi n-heksana daun M. oleifera berturut-turut yaitu sebesar 51,31; 20,17; 223,67 μg/mL. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, terlihat bahwa fraksi etil asetat daun M. oleifera memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik yang paling tinggi terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D.

Cytotoxic Activity of the Ethanol Extract, Ethyl Acetate and n-hexane Fractions of Kelor Leaves (Moringa oleifera) against Breast Cancer Cell T74D. Moringa oleifera is one plant that has the potential anticancer activity. Several studies have been reported that M. oleifera leaves contain bioactives compounds that are potential as anticancer. This study was aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of the ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and n-hexane fraction of M. oleifera leaf against breast cancer cell T47D. M. oleifera leaves were extracted by maceration with ethanol solvent. The extracts that have been obtained were partitioned by using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Each ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and n-hexane fraction were tested for their cytotoxic activity against T47D breast cancer cells using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) method. The applied concentration of extract and fraction were 1500, 750, 375, 187, 93, 46, 50 and 23 μg/mL with an incubation time of 48 hours. IC50 value of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions of M. oleifera leaves were 51.31; 20.17; 223.67 μg/mL. Based on these results, it shows that the ethyl acetate fractions of M. oleiferaleaves are highly toxic against T47D breast cancer cells.

 

Keywords

Kelor (Moringa oleifera); kanker payudara; sel T47D; sitotoksik

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.14.2.17298.303-313

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