α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Purified Fractions from Methanolic Extract of Justicia gendarussa

Diva Namira Dwiyana, Syamsul Falah, Syaefudin Suminto

Abstract

Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. (gandarusa) is an indigenous Indonesian medicinal plant with potential antidiabetic properties. This study aimed to investigate the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of bioactive compounds present in purified fractions derived from the methanolic extract of gandarusa through column chromatography. Dried leaf powder was sequentially extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The methanolic extract was further fractionated by column chromatography employing an optimized eluent system (n-hexane:ethyl acetate, 6:4 v/v). The crude extract and eight purified fractions were concentrated and evaluated for antioxidant activity using thin-layer chromatography bioautography, as well as for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The results demonstrated that bioassay-guided fractionation produced fractions with enhanced antioxidant capacity and greater α-glucosidase inhibitory effects compared to the crude extract. Among all fractions, fraction 2 exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity, as indicated by its lowest IC50 value (99.34 ± 10.70 ppm). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05) confirmed that its inhibitory effect was significantly different from those of the other fractions and the reference drug acarbose. These findings indicate that purified fractions of gandarusa demonstrate promising potential for further development as natural antidiabetic agents.

Keywords

alphaglucosidase; antidiabetic; column chromatography; purification; thin-layer chromatography.

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.22.2.115193.397-406

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