Focus and Scope

Section Policies

Teacher Education and Professional Learning

Open Submissions

Indexed

Peer Reviewed

Inclusive, Sustainable and Context-Responsive Education

Open Submissions

Indexed

Peer Reviewed

Digital, AI and Data-Informed Pedagogy

Open Submissions

Indexed

Peer Reviewed

Pedagogical Innovation and Learning Design

Open Submissions

Indexed

Peer Reviewed

Reviews, Syntheses and Methodological Advances

Open Submissions

Indexed

Peer Reviewed

Editorial Note

Open Submissions

Indexed

Peer Reviewed

Peer Review Process

The peer review practice is intended to ensure that the published material is of sound quality. It is considered the heart of good scholarly publication and is carried out by all reputable scientific journals. We adhere to COPE standards of publication ethics. Our referees play a vital role in maintaining the high standards of the International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education and all manuscripts are peer-reviewed following the procedure outlined below. The submission and review process will be carried out online through the Online Journal System. 

Initial manuscript evaluation
The Editors first evaluate all papers. It is rare, but it is possible for an exceptional manuscript to be accepted at this stage. The article rejected at this stage are insufficiently original, have serious scientific flaws, have poor grammar or English language, or are outside the aims and scope of the journal. Those that meet the minimum criteria are normally passed on to at least one expert for review.

Authors of manuscripts rejected at this stage will be informed within 2-3 weeks of paper reception.

Type of peer review
This journal employs a double-blind review, where the author and referee remain anonymous throughout the process.

How the referee is selected
Whenever possible, referees are matched to the paper according to their expertise. Our database is constantly being updated. We welcome suggestions for referees from the author though these recommendations are not necessarily used.

Referee reports
Referees are asked to evaluate whether the manuscript:
– Is original.
– Is comply with the focus and scope of the journal.
– Makes a theoretical contribution to the study as stated in focus and scope.
– Is methodologically sound.
– Follows appropriate ethical guidelines.
– Has results which are clearly presented and support the conclusions.
– Correctly references previous relevant work.

Language correction is not part of the peer review process, but referees may, if so wish, suggest corrections to the manuscript.

How long does the review process take?
The time required for the review process depends on the response of the referees. However, the typical time for the International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education is approximately 2-4 weeks. Should the referees' reports contradict one another or a report is unnecessarily delayed, a further expert opinion will be sought. In rare cases for which it is extremely difficult to find a second referee to review the manuscript, or when the one referee's report has thoroughly convinced the Editor, decisions at this stage to accept, reject or ask the author for a revision are made on the basis of only one referee's report. The Editor's decision will be sent to the author with recommendations made by the referees, which usually include verbatim comments by referees. Revised manuscripts might be returned to the initial referees who may then request another revision of a manuscript.

Final report
A final decision to accept or reject the manuscript will be sent to the author along with any recommendations made by the referees and may include verbatim comments by the referees.

The Editor's decision is final
Referees advise the Editor, who is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.

Plagiarism Check  
The journal advocates the integrity and credibility of published papers. Plagiarism is against our policies. We request a similarity report of a maximum of 30%.

Becoming a referee for the International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education.

If you are not currently a referee for the International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education but would like to be considered as a referee, please contact the editorial office at: ijpte@mail.uns.ac.id. The benefits of refereeing for the International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education include the opportunity to read, see and evaluate the latest work in your research area at an early stage, and to contribute to the overall integrity of academic research and its published documentation.

Open Access Policy

Archiving

This journal utilizes the LOCKSS system to create a distributed archiving system among participating libraries and permits those libraries to create permanent archives of the journal for purposes of preservation and restoration. More...

Copyright and Permissions

International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education suggests that the authors would retain the copyright of their works. It also encourages the publication of the work published in the International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education into any other community sharing format (i.e. researchgate) by the author or other interested parties. 

The International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education, however, requests that the latest version of the publication cites the initially published version in the journal.   

Publication Ethics

1. Duties of Editor

1.1. Publication Decisions

After reading the reviewers’ reports, the editor will decide whether the manuscript is accepted, rejected, or needs revision. This decision is mainly based on how valid the study is and how useful it will be for researchers and readers. Editors make their decisions according to the journal’s policies and must also follow existing laws, such as rules about defamation, copyright, and plagiarism. They may consult with other editors or reviewers before making a final decision. Editors are responsible for everything that is published in the journal. They must have clear rules and procedures to make sure the published articles are of good quality and that the journal’s academic record remains trustworthy.

1.2. Review of Manuscripts

The editor must first check every manuscript to make sure it is original. The editor is also responsible for managing the peer review process in a fair and proper way. Editors should clearly describe how peer review works in the author guidelines and explain which sections of the journal are reviewed by peers. When choosing reviewers, editors must select people who have the right expertise for the topic and avoid anyone who has a conflict of interest with the paper.

1.3. Fair Play

Editors must judge every manuscript based only on its academic quality and ideas. They must not be influenced by the author’s gender, sex, race, religion, nationality, or any other personal background. To make fair decisions, editors must protect their independence and act with honesty and integrity. Because editors have strong influence over what gets published, it is essential that their decisions are made in a neutral and unbiased way.

1.4. Confidentiality

Editors must keep all information about submitted manuscripts private. They must carefully check and prevent any misuse or leakage of personal data and confidential information, especially when the study involves patients. This means authors must have proper informed consent for the research itself and, when necessary, separate consent for publishing the data or results. Editors are responsible for making sure these rules are followed.

1.5. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Editors must not use any unpublished information from a submitted manuscript for their own research unless they have written permission from the author. Editors must also stay out of the decision-making process if they have any personal or professional conflict of interest with the manuscript. If a manuscript is submitted by an editor of the journal, it will be reviewed outside the normal editorial system to ensure the review process remains fair, independent, and free from bias. The manuscript will be handled in a very strict and transparent way. Another independent editor should manage the peer review instead of the author-editor, to reduce possible bias.

2. Duties of Reviewers

2.1. Confidentiality

All information about manuscripts submitted by authors must be kept private and treated as confidential. It should not be shared with or discussed with anyone else unless the editor gives clear permission.

2.2. Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers must check that authors properly credit all data sources used in the study. They should point out important previous studies that the authors did not cite. If an idea, result, or argument has already been published before, the reviewer should make sure a correct reference is included. Reviewers must inform the journal right away if they find any problems, such as ethical concerns, strong similarity with another paper, or signs of possible misconduct in the research or writing process. However, reviewers must keep these concerns private and must not investigate the issue on their own unless the journal asks them to do so.

2.3. Standards of Objectivity

Reviewers must evaluate manuscripts in a fair and objective way. They should clearly explain their opinions and support them with logical reasons. Reviewers must follow the journal’s instructions about what kind of feedback they should give, unless there is a strong reason not to. Reviews should be helpful and constructive, with comments that guide authors on how to improve their paper. Reviewers should also clearly state which suggested extra experiments or analyses are necessary to support the paper’s main claims and which suggestions are only meant to improve or expand the study.

2.4. Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

Any confidential information or ideas learned during peer review must be kept private and must not be used for personal benefit. Reviewers must not review a manuscript if they have a conflict of interest because of competition, collaboration, or any personal or professional relationship with the authors, companies, or institutions related to the paper. If reviewers think they know who the author is and this could create a conflict of interest, they must inform the journal immediately.

2.5. Promptness

Reviewers should complete their reviews within a reasonable time. They should only accept a review request if they believe they can finish it by the agreed deadline. If they need more time, they must inform the journal as soon as possible. If a reviewer realizes that they cannot finish the review within the given time, they must tell the editor immediately so the manuscript can be assigned to another reviewer.

3. Duties of Authors

3.1. Reporting Standards

Authors must report their research truthfully and clearly, and explain its importance in an objective way. Research results must be presented honestly, without making up data, changing data improperly, or hiding important findings. A manuscript should include enough detail and references so that other researchers can repeat the study if needed. Any false or intentionally misleading statements are considered unethical and will not be accepted. Authors must also make sure their manuscript follows all submission rules and guidelines of the journal.

3.2. Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must make sure that their paper is completely original. The manuscript must not be sent to more than one journal at the same time, unless the editors have clearly agreed to publish it together. All relevant earlier studies must be properly recognized and cited, including the authors’ own previous work and the work of other researchers. Whenever possible, original research articles should be used as references. If authors use the exact words from another publication, those words must be placed in quotation marks and followed by the correct citation.

3.3. Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publications

Authors should not send the same manuscript to more than one journal at the same time. They should also avoid publishing more than one paper that reports the same study or very similar results in different journals. Submitting the same paper to multiple journals at once is considered unethical and is not allowed. If several articles come from one research project, this must be clearly stated, and the main or first publication must be properly cited.

3.4. Acknowledgement of Sources

Authors must clearly mention all data sources used in their research and cite any studies that influenced their work. The contributions of other researchers must always be properly recognized and referenced.

3.5. Authorship of the Paper

The list of authors must correctly show who really contributed to the research and the writing of the paper. Only people who made a major contribution to the idea, design, data collection, or interpretation of the study should be named as authors. Anyone who helped in a smaller or technical way should not be listed as an author but should be mentioned in the acknowledgements section. All authors must have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and must agree to have their names included as co-authors.

3.6. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

All authors must openly state in their manuscript any financial or other important conflicts of interest that could affect the results or how the findings are interpreted. They must also clearly report all sources of funding or financial support for the study.

3.7. Fundamental Errors in Published Works

If authors find a serious mistake or incorrect information in their submitted paper, they must inform the journal editor or publisher as soon as possible and work together with them to correct or withdraw the paper.

3.8. Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects

Authors must clearly state in the manuscript if their study uses any chemicals, methods, or equipment that involve special or unusual risks.

Screening for Plagiarism

1. Plagiarism and self-plagiarism are not allowed;
2. The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others that this has been appropriately cited or quoted;
3. An author should not in general publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable;
4. Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.

Working Process:

1. Editorial Team checking manuscript on offline and online database manually (checking proper citation and quotation);
2. Editorial Team checking manuscript by using Turnitin app. If it is found plagiarism indication (30% maximum), the board will reject the manuscript immediately.

Repository Deposit Policy

Repository Deposit Policy for IJPTE

IJPTE encourages the dissemination of research and supports authors in making their work widely accessible. Authors are permitted to deposit different versions of their manuscripts in institutional or other repositories of their choice by the following guidelines:

Pre-Prints

• Authors may deposit the pre-print version (the original manuscript submitted for peer review) in a repository anytime.
• It must include a statement acknowledging that the paper is under review at IJPTE and has not yet been peer-reviewed.

Post-Prints (Accepted Manuscripts)

• Authors may deposit the accepted version (post-peer-review but before journal formatting) in institutional or disciplinary repositories.
• The deposited version must include the following text:
  “This is the accepted version of a manuscript published in the International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education (IJPTE). The final version is available at [link to DOI or journal website].”

Published Version (Version of Record)

• Depending on the licensing agreement, authors may deposit the final published version in repositories immediately.
• The deposit must include full citation details and a link to the article on the IJPTE website.

Licensing

• All versions of the manuscript must adhere to the journal's licensing terms. The specific license terms (e.g., CC BY) must be indicated for articles published under Creative Commons licenses.

Where to Find This Policy

This policy is detailed on the journal’s website under the Repository Deposit Policy

Types of Manuscript

Publishing Schedule

Ownership and Management

International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education (IJPTE) is published by Universitas Sebelas Maret, and managed by the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP), Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. The journal is committed to maintaining high standards of academic integrity, ethical publishing, transparency, and operational sustainability in accordance with international best practices in scholarly publishing.

IJPTE upholds full editorial independence. All editorial decisions are based solely on scholarly merit, including originality, scientific quality, relevance, clarity, and compliance with publication ethics. Editorial decisions are made independently by the Editor-in-Chief and editorial team, guided by the journal's Editorial Board policies, without interference from the publisher or external parties.

As an open-access journal with no subscription charges, IJPTE provides immediate and unrestricted access to all published articles under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) License. To support editorial operations, peer review management, copyediting, digital preservation, and journal sustainability, the journal applies an Article Publishing Charge (APC) of USD 100 / IDR 1,500,000. Non-Indonesian authors may request a fee waiver or discount by contacting the editorial office prior to submission; the granting of a waiver does not influence editorial decisions on acceptance or rejection.

Information regarding the Editor-in-Chief and editorial board members is publicly available on the journal website. Editors and reviewers are expected to follow ethical publishing standards consistent with COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) guidelines.

The journal implements transparent and efficient editorial workflows covering manuscript submission, double-blind peer review, copyediting, production, and publication, all managed through the Online Journal System (OJS). All submissions undergo plagiarism screening using Turnitin (maximum similarity 30%) prior to review.

IJPTE is committed to long-term digital preservation and accessibility of its published content through the LOCKSS archiving system. The journal also ensures transparency by providing clear information regarding its focus and scope, author guidelines, peer review procedures, open-access policy, author fees, indexing services, and contact information on its website.

All journal management policies are periodically reviewed and updated to align with evolving international standards, publication ethics, and best practices in scholarly publishing.

Authorship and Contributorship

Authorship is reserved for individuals who have made substantial and meaningful contributions to a manuscript. These contributions must go beyond routine or administrative tasks and involve intellectual input at various stages of the research process. To be listed as an author, one must meet all of the following conditions: (1) significantly contributed to the study's conception or design, data acquisition, analysis, or interpretation; (2) participated actively in drafting the manuscript, providing substantial revisions, or critically reviewing it for important intellectual content; (3) approved the final version of the manuscript for submission and publication; and (4) agreed to be accountable for the integrity of the entire work, including resolving any questions related to its accuracy or ethical conduct.

The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that every listed co-author fulfills these criteria and that no inappropriate authors are included. All co-authors must have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript and have agreed to its submission. All authors must be clearly indicated as of the moment of manuscript submission; requests to add, remove, or reorder authors are discouraged after submission and will only be considered under special circumstances. In such cases, the corresponding author must provide a detailed justification and written consent from all affected authors. Once a manuscript is accepted, changes in authorship are subject to editorial approval and may be declined if appropriate documentation is not provided. If a change is required post-publication, it will be handled through a formal correction notice.

Contribution Details

To enhance transparency in scholarly publishing, International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education (IJPTE) encourages authors to clearly outline the specific contributions made by each co-author. This should be done using the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) framework, which provides standardized terms for different roles such as conceptualization, methodology, software development, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing–original draft, writing–review and editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition. Each author's name should be followed by the roles they performed, and this contribution statement will appear alongside the published article. At least one author should serve as the corresponding author who accepts full responsibility for the integrity of the work from start to finish.

In addition to named authors, individuals who contributed to the project in other capacities such as through technical support, funding acquisition, general supervision, or scholarly discussion should be acknowledged in a dedicated Acknowledgements section, in line with the journal's Author Guidelines. Their full name and affiliation must be included, and authors are responsible for notifying them and obtaining their consent to be listed. If groups or institutions contributed to the study in a collective capacity (e.g., research teams, participating schools, or supporting institutions), their role should be briefly described.

Any assistance from AI-based tools (such as large language models used for drafting, translating, or editing text) must be explicitly disclosed in the manuscript, including the specific tool used and the manner in which it was applied. While these tools may assist the writing process, the human authors remain fully responsible for ensuring the originality, accuracy, and ethical compliance of the content, including compliance with IJPTE's plagiarism screening policy (maximum similarity of 30%, verified via Turnitin).

Allegation of Research Misconduct

Research misconduct involves fabrication, falsification, citation manipulation, or plagiarism in conducting, reviewing, or reporting research and writing articles. When authors are found guilty of such misconduct or other serious irregularities in published articles, Editors must maintain the scientific record's accuracy and integrity.

In suspected misconduct cases, Editors and the Editorial Board will follow COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics)'s best practices to resolve the complaint and address the issue fairly. This includes an investigation by the Editors. Manuscripts found to contain misconduct will be rejected. If a published paper is found to have misconduct, a retraction will be issued and linked to the original article.

The first step is to validate the allegation and assess whether it aligns with the definition of research misconduct. This initial step also includes determining whether the complainants have any conflicts of interest.

If there is a possibility of scientific misconduct or significant research irregularities, the allegations are shared with the corresponding author, who is asked to provide a detailed response on behalf of all co-authors. After evaluating the response, further review and expert involvement (e.g., statistical reviewers) may be necessary. If it appears unlikely that misconduct occurred, clarifications, additional analyses, or corrections published as letters to the editor, along with a correction notice, may suffice.

Institutions are expected to conduct thorough investigations of scientific misconduct allegations. Authors, journals, and institutions must ensure the scientific record's accuracy. By appropriately addressing concerns about scientific misconduct and taking necessary actions, such as corrections, retractions with replacement, and retractions, International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education (IJPTE) will uphold the scientific record's validity and integrity, consistent with its existing Publication Ethics and Screening for Plagiarism policies (maximum similarity of 30%, verified via Turnitin).

Post Publication Discussion

Based on COPE's core practices and WAME's guidelines, International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education (IJPTE) emphasizes constructive post-publication discussions and corrections to maintain the scholarly record's accuracy and integrity. The key elements of this policy include:

1. Post-publication Comments

Readers and authors are encouraged to engage in constructive discussions about published articles via the corresponding author's contact details listed on the article, or by contacting the editorial office directly at ijpte@mail.uns.ac.id.

2. Corrections

If post-publication errors are identified that affect the article's interpretation or understanding, the journal will issue corrections to maintain the scholarly record's integrity. Corrections will be made transparently, with clear indications of what was changed and why, and will be linked to the original published article.

3. Retractions

Retractions may be necessary when errors compromise the research's validity or ethical standards, including cases of research misconduct as outlined in the journal's Allegation of Research Misconduct policy. Retractions will be conducted transparently, following COPE's guidelines, with clear explanations provided and linked to the original article.

4. Expressions of Concern

If there are concerns about an article's integrity but the evidence is inconclusive, an expression of concern may be issued while investigations continue, in accordance with COPE guidelines.

Correction and Retraction

Occasionally, changes to a published article are necessary. Such updates are made only after careful review by the Editor-in-Chief, in consultation with the editorial team, and in line with COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) standards. Any post-publication change is documented by a permanent public notice that links directly to the original article to ensure transparency and preserve the scholarly record.

Formal post-publication notices include Corrections (Corrigendum or Erratum) when an error or omission affects clarity or interpretation but not the study's validity. A Corrigendum addresses author errors; an Erratum covers publisher/production errors (e.g., mislabeled figures, incorrect affiliations, or missing funding/conflict-of-interest statements).

A Retraction is issued when serious problems undermine the article's credibility, such as flawed methods, data fabrication, image manipulation, plagiarism, duplicate publication, or absent ethical approval. Retractions follow COPE guidance and may be requested by authors or their institutions when justified. Retraction notices will always:

Be linked to and from the original article;

Clearly mark the article as retracted in both HTML and PDF formats using a watermark;

Provide a detailed explanation for the retraction;

Identify the party requesting the retraction (e.g., the authors or editor).

Retractions are issued to correct the scholarly record, not to punish authors. International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education (IJPTE) typically does not use retractions to settle authorship disputes; when appropriate and supported by all authors and their institutions, such matters may be addressed via a Corrigendum, consistent with the journal's Allegation of Research Misconduct policy.

To limit the impact of potentially misleading material, the journal seeks to act promptly. When serious concerns arise but an investigation is pending or inconclusive, an Expression of Concern may be published to alert readers neutrally; a retraction or correction may follow once the inquiry concludes. All related notices remain permanently available as part of the record.

In rare, exceptional circumstances, e.g., defamatory content, infringement of legal rights, or compliance with a legal order, a Removal Notice may be issued. In these cases, the article is taken down, and a formal notice explaining the action replaces the original content.

Archiving Policy

LOCKSS Archiving System

International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education (IJPTE) utilizes the LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) system to safeguard its published articles. Through this service, IJPTE creates a distributed digital archiving system among participating libraries, ensuring the secure, decentralized, and permanent preservation of published content, allowing those libraries to build permanent archives of the journal for the purposes of preservation and restoration. This ensures that published articles remain accessible to readers and researchers even in the event that the journal is no longer published or the website becomes unavailable.

More information about this archiving service can be found at http://www.lockss.org.

Conflict of Interest/Competing Interests

International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education (IJPTE) is dedicated to upholding the highest standards of transparency and ethical conduct in academic publishing. This policy provides definitions of conflicts of interest and describes procedures for addressing conflicts of interest involving authors, reviewers, editors, the journal, and the publisher, whether identified prior to or after publication. The journal adheres to the Core Practices established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. Definition of Conflicts of Interest

A conflict of interest occurs when an individual or entity has financial, personal, professional, or academic relationships or interests that could influence or appear to influence their objectivity, integrity, or decision-making in the context of research, review, editorial work, or publication processes.

2. Identification of Conflicts of Interest

All participants in the publication process, including authors, reviewers, editors, and others, are required to disclose any potential conflicts of interest relevant to the work they are submitting, reviewing, editing, or publishing. These potential conflicts may include, but are not limited to:

Financial interests: Funding sources, stock ownership, employment, consultancy arrangements, or other financial ties related to the research.

Personal relationships: Close personal or familial relationships with individuals involved in the research or publication process.

Academic relationships: Collaborations or academic affiliations that could affect objectivity or create perceptions of bias.

Competing affiliations: Relationships with competing organizations that might have conflicting interests in the research or its outcomes.

Intellectual property: Ownership of patents, copyrights, or intellectual property rights potentially impacted by the research or publication.

3. Handling Conflicts of Interest

IJPTE will address conflicts of interest with diligence and transparency.

For Authors: Authors are required to disclose all potential conflicts of interest during the manuscript submission process, including all sources of financial support for the project, in accordance with the journal's Publication Ethics policy. If a conflict of interest is identified after publication, authors should promptly inform the editorial board. The editorial board will address the conflict transparently and, if necessary, issue corrections or retractions.

For Reviewers: Reviewers must decline invitations to review if they have conflicts of interest that could compromise their impartiality, including competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the submission. If a conflict arises during the review process, reviewers should immediately notify the editorial board for appropriate action.

For Editors and Journal Staff: Editors and journal staff involved in the review and publication process must recuse themselves from handling submissions in which they have conflicts of interest. When uncertainty arises, the Editor-in-Chief and editorial board will decide on the appropriate course of action.

For Publishers: The publisher, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, must implement policies to address potential conflicts of interest within its organization. The publisher should ensure that editorial decisions and processes are free from financial or competing interests.

4. Transparency and Disclosure

IJPTE will clearly outline its conflicts of interest policy and inform all stakeholders of the requirements for disclosure. Disclosures made by authors, reviewers, editors, and other stakeholders will be published alongside the relevant articles to ensure transparency. Additionally, the journal will limit or restrict access to the publication process for editors, reviewers, and stakeholders who co-author articles submitted to the journal.

Plagiarism Policy

Plagiarism is not allowed in IJPTE. Plagiarism means taking words, ideas, pictures, or data from someone else including from your own previous work (self-plagiarism) without giving credit to the original source. If you use text from another source, you must put it in quotation marks and clearly cite the source. If your research design, paper structure, or writing style is influenced by other studies, you must also cite those studies.

All papers submitted to IJPTE are checked using Turnitin, with a maximum permissible similarity of 30%. The plagiarism screening working process involves two stages: (1) the Editorial Team checks the manuscript manually against offline and online databases (verifying proper citation and quotation), and (2) the Editorial Team runs the manuscript through Turnitin. If plagiarism indication exceeds the 30% threshold, the manuscript will be rejected immediately.

If plagiarism is found either before or after publication the journal will investigate the case and handle it according to its Allegation of Research Misconduct policy and the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).