Adsorben Berbasis Campuran Andisol/Zeolit/Karbon Aktif untuk Penjernihan Air Gambut

Devi Asriani, Pranoto Pranoto, Edi Pramono, Ozi Adi Saputra

Abstract

Andisol, karbon aktif, dan zeolit memiliki luas permukaan, porositas, dan kapasitas tukar ion yang efektif dalam menyerap kontaminan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pembuatan adsorben berbasis andisol/zeolite/active carbon dilanjutkan dan kinerja adsorpsi serta parameter kinetika adsorpsinya untuk penjernihan air gambut. Tanah andisol dan zeolit diaktivasi dengan larutan NaOH 3 M dan komposisi tanah andisol, zeolit, dan karbon aktif divariasikan dengan perbandingan berat 100:0:0; 0:100:0; 0:0:100; 50:25:25; 25:50:25; dan 25:25:50 (b/b). Data menunjukkan kapasitas adsorpsi terbesar dihasilkan oleh komposisi tanah andisol:zeolit:karbon aktif pada komposisi 25:50:25 yaitu 39,67 mg/g dengan persentase penghilangan sebesar 81,72%. Isoterm adsorpsi mengikuti isoterm Redlich-Peterson. Analisis kinetika menunjukkan bahwa adsorpsi mengikuti model kinetika pseudo orde dua dengan konstanta laju adsorpsi sebesar 0,32 g∙mg-1min-1 dan qe sebesar 5,38 mg/g. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut campuran tanah andisol/zeolite/karbon aktif berpotensi digunakan sebagai absorben dalam penjernihan air gambut.

Andisol/Zeolite/Active Carbon-based Adsorbent for Peat Water Treatment. Andisol, Activated Carbon, and Zeolite have a high specific surface area, porosity, and ion exchange capacity, effectively absorbing water impurities. This study aims to study the andisol/zeolite/active carbon-based adsorbent preparation and its adsorption capacity for peat water treatment. Andisol soil and zeolite were activated with NaOH 3 M solution and the composition of Andisol Soil/Zeolite/Activated Carbon were varied of 100:0:0; 0:100:0; 0:0:100; 50:25:25; 25:50:25; and 25:25:50 (wt%). Data shows that the largest adsorption capacity obtained for Andisol/Zeolite/Activated Carbon composition of 25:50:25 (wt%) of 39.67 mg/g and 81.72% for removal percentage. The isotherm adsorption followed Redlich-Peterson isotherm. The kinetics analysis showed that the adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model with an adsorption rate constant of 0.32 g∙mg-1min-1 and qe of 5.38 mg/g. Based on these results, the mixture of andisol soil/zeolite/activated carbon has the potential to be used as an absorbent in peat water purification.

Keywords

adsorption; andisol soil; zeolite; activated carbon; peat water

Full Text:

PDF

References

Ayawei, N., Ebelegi, A.N., and Wankasi, D., 2017. Modeling and Interpretation of Adsorption Isotherms. Journal of Chemistry, 2017, 3039817. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3039817.

Consolin-Filho, N., Venancio, E.C., Barriquello, M.F., Hechenleitner, A.A.W., and Pineda, E.A.G., 2007. Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Modified Lignin from Sugar Cane Bagasse. Ecletica Quimica, 32, 63–70. https://doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v32.4.2007.p63-70.

Araújo, J.A., Cruz, F.T., Cruz, I.H., and Cardoso, D., 2013. Encapsulation of Polymers in CTA-MCM-41 via Microemulsion. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 180, 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2013.05.010.

Elma, N.N., and Mu’min, B., 2021. Studi Isotem dan Kinetika Adsorpsi Bahan Organik Alami (Boa) pada Air Gambut Terhadap Karbon Aktif Kayu Ulin dengan Sistem Batch. Jernih: Jurnal Tugas Akhir Mahasiswa, 4, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.20527/jernih.v4i2.957.

Faisal, M., Suhartana, U., and Pardoyo, P., 2015. Zeolit Alam Termodifikasi Logam Fe Sebagai Adsorben Fosfat (PO43-) pada Air Limbah. Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 18, 91–95. https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.18.3.91-95.

Govindarajan, D., and Jayalakshmi, G., 2011. XRD, FTIR, and SEM Studies on Calcined Sugarcane Bagasse Ash Blended Cement. Archives of Physics Research, 2, 38–44.

Heraldy, E, Pranoto, dan Prowida, D., 2004. Studi Karakterisasi dan Aktivasi Tanah Andisol Alam serta Aplikasinya Sebagai Adsorben Logam Berat Zn Menggunakan Metode Kolom. ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia, 3, 32–42.

Hidayu, A.R., and Muda, N., 2016. Preparation and Characterization of Impregnated Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell and Coconut Shell for CO2 Capture. Procedia Engineering, 148, 106–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.463.

Kismolo, E., Nurimaniwaty, N., and Suyatno, T., 2008. Optimasi Pemanfaatan Zeolit Alam dari Gunung Kidul untuk Reduksi Kadar Cesium dalam Limbah Radioaktif Cair. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191137633.

Mahmud, M., Notodarmojo, S., Padmi, T., and Soewondo, P., 2012. Adsorpsi Bahan Organik Alami (Boa) Air Gambut pada Tanah Lempung Gambut Alami dan Teraktivasi: Studi Kesetimbangan Isoterm dan Kinetika Adsorpsi. Infoteknik, 13, 28–38. https://doi.org/10.20527/INFOTEK.V13I1.1813.

Mentari, V.A., Handika, G., and Maulina, S., 2018. Perbandingan Gugus Fungsi dan Morfologi Permukaan Karbon Aktif dari Pelepah Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Aktivator Asam Fosfat (H3PO4) dan Asam Nitrat (HNO3). Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU, 7, 16–20. https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v7i1.1629.

Munir, M., 1996. Tanah-Tanah Utama Indonesia. Pustaka Jaya, Jakarta, 315.

Pardoyo, P., Listiana, L., and Darmawan, A.T., 2009. Pengaruh Perlakuan HCl pada Kristalinitas dan Kemampuan Adsorpsi Zeolit Alam terhadap Ion Ca2+. Jurnal Sains dan Matematika, 17, 100–104.

Parfitt, R.L., and Hemni, T., 1980. Structure of Some Allophanes from New Zealand. Clays and Clay Minerals, 28, 285–294. https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1980.0280407.

Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 66 Tahun 2014 tentang Kesehatan Lingkungan Hidup, 2023. Kementerian Kesehatan. Jakarta.

Pranoto, 2011. Pemanfaatan Adsorben Alofan Gunung Vulkanik Jawa Sebagai Penjerap Logam Berat untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Air Minum di Perkotaan. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:93845794.

Pranoto, Martini, T., and Anandita, E.P., 2019. Activation and Characterization of Andisol Soil and Fly Ash Composite In Adsorption of Lead (II) Metal Ion. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1295, 12012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1295/1/012012.

Pranoto, Martini, T., and Ratnasari, R.M., 2023. Synergism of Andisol Soil and Foundry Sand Mixture as Adsorbent of Nickel (II) Metal Ion. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2556, 12010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2556/1/012010.

Pranoto, P., Martini, T., and Maharditya, W., 2020. Uji Efektivitas dan Karakterisasi Komposit Tanah Andisol/Arang Tempurung Kelapa untuk Adsorpsi Logam Berat Besi (Fe). ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia, 16, 50–66. https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.16.1.33286.50-65.

Putra, A.S.P., Munir, R., and Natalisanto, A.I., 2022. Studi Adsorpsi Logam Berat Besi (Fe) dan Timbal (Pb) Air Sungai Mahakam oleh Limbah Cangkang Telur dan Abu Gosok. Progressive Physics Journal, 3, 179–183. https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v3i2.929.

Pusat Sumber Daya Geologi. 2010. Laporan Inventarisasi Gambut di Daerah Sungai Pawan, Kabupaten Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat. Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral.

Rohman, M.N., Sunarto, S., and Pranoto, P., 2018. Potensi Adsorben Komposit Tanah Andisol-Karbon Aktif untuk Menurunkan Kadar Logam Besi (Fe) pada Air Sumur di Kecamatan Srandakan, Kabupaten Bantul. In: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek III. SNPBS, 5 Mei 2018, Auditorium Moh. Djazman, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, pp. 247–252.

Rusdianasari, R., Bow, Y., and Dewi, T., 2019. Peat Water Treatment by Electrocoagulation Using Aluminium Electrodes. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 258, 012013. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/258/1/012013.

Sadowska K., Góra-Marek K., Datka J., 2012. Hierarchic Zeolites Studied by IR Spectroscopy: Acid Properties of Zeolite ZSM-5 Desilicated with NaOH and NaOH/tetrabutylamine hydroxide. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 63, 418-425, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vibspec.2012.09.007.

Saifuddin, S., Lisa, A., Amalia, Z., Faridah, F., and Elfiana, E., 2020. Applications of Micro Size Anorganic Membrane of Clay, Zeolite and Active Carbon as Filters for Peat Water Purification. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1450, 12010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1450/1/012010.

Samura, L., Burhannudinnur, M., Prakoso, S., Rosyidan, C., Putra, R.H., Urbiyanto, G.A., and Auliya, H., 2022. Pemanfaatan Komposit Natural Bentonite dan Ampas Tebu Sebagai Penjernih Air Limbah Industri Tahu Harapan Maju. Jurnal Abdi Masyarakat Indonesia (JAMIN), 4. https://doi.org/10.25105/jamin.v4i2.13440.

Sholeh, M., and Budiastuti, S., 2020. The Effect of Adsorbent Composition: Quartz Sand/Andisol Soil/Zeolite/Activated Carbon Against Mn, Fe, BOD, and COD in Citarum River Eater Cleaning Progress. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11, 645–652. https://doi.org/10.31838/srp.2020.10.97.

Sulaiman, K.O., Sajid, M., and Alhooshani, K., 2020. Application of Porous Membrane Bag Enclosed Alkaline Treated Y-Zeolite for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water. Microchemical Journal, 152, 104289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2019.104289.

Sumila, S., Asri, A., and Wahyuni, D., 2023. Uji Kinerja Karbon Aktif Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) Sebagai Reusable Adsorbent Logam Besi pada Air Gambut. Jurnal Fisika: Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya, 8, 17–22.

Thuan, T. V, Thinh, P. V, Quynh, B.T.P., Cong, H.T., Tam, D.T., and Bach, L.G., 2016. Production of Activated Carbon from Sugarcane Bagasse by Chemical Activation with ZnCl2: Preparation and Characterization Study. Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 6, 42–47.

Valle, S.R., Carrasco, J., Pinochet, D., Soto, P., and Mac Donald, R., 2015. Spatial Distribution Assessment of Extractable Al, (NaF) PH and Phosphate Retention as Tests to Differentiate among Volcanic Soils. CATENA, 127, 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.12.011.

Velarde, L., Nikjoo, D., Escalera, E., and Akhtar, F., 2024. Bolivian Natural Zeolite as a Low-Cost Adsorbent for the Adsorption of Cadmium: Isotherms and Kinetics. Heliyon, 10, e24006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24006.

Wahyuni, D., Harmawanda, S., Nurhanisa, M., Hasanuddin, H., Zulfian, Z., and Nurhasanah, N., 2023. Efektivitas Karbon Aktif dari Limbah Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays) dengan Variasi Aktivator Asam Klorida dalam Penyerapan Logam Besi pada Air Gambut. Jurnal Fisika, 13, 10–19. https://doi.org/10.15294/jf.v13i1.42778.

Wang, J., and Guo, X., 2020. Adsorption Kinetic Models: Physical Meanings, Applications, and Solving Methods. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 390, 122156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122156.

Widjanarko, D.M., and Christina, Y., 2003. Pengaruh H2SO4 dan NaOH Terhadap Luas Permukaan dan Keasaman Alofan. ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia, 2.

Wulandari, R., Riyanto, C.A., and Martono, Y., 2023. Kinerja Karbon Aktif Daun Eceng Gondok pada Penurunan Kadar Fosfat Artifisial dan Surfaktan dalam Limbah Detergen. ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia, 19, 149–161. https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.19.2.65626.149-161.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.21.1.85539.138-148

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.