Karakterisasi Nanoemulsi Minyak Tulang Ikan Sidat dengan Ekstrak Daun Salam dan Uji Aktivitas Antihiperlipidemia

Fea Prihapsara, Anif Nur Artanti, Melati Sekar Hasna Hanun, Salsabila Nanda Fatiha, Fadhilla Nur Cahyani, Sholichah Rohmani

Abstract

Pemanfaatan limbah terbuang dari pengolahan ikan sidat (Anguilla spp.) dapat diekstraksi menjadi minyak yang kaya manfaat. Kandungan asam lemak tak jenuh yang tinggi dalam minyak ikan sidat bermanfaat untuk kesehatan salah satunya sebagai antihiperlipidemia. Kombinasi dengan ekstrak bahan alam yaitu  ekstrak daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp) diharapkan memiliki efek sinergis sebagai agen antihiperlipidemia.  Formulasi kombinasi kedua bahan tersebut dibuat dalam sistem penghantaran obat berbasis lipid-based drug delivery system (LBDDS) yaitu dalam bentuk nanoemulsi dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kelarutan dan bioavailabilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan minyak tulang ikan sidat, karakteristik formula nanoemulsi minyak tulang ikan sidat-ekstrak daun salam (NME) dan aktivitas antihiperlipidemia formula NME. Minyak tulang ikan sidat mengandung komposisi SAFA (Saturated Fatty Acid)  40,02%, MUFA (Mono Unsaturated Fatty Acid) 45,58% dan PUFA (Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid) 14,40% yang termasuk asam lemak rantai sedang hingga rantai panjang. Formula NME memenuhi kriteria ukuran partikel nanoemulsi yaitu sebesar       36,45 nm dengan nilai indeks polidispersitas (PI) sebesar 0,199 serta potensial zeta -21,20 mV.  Kombinasi NME-Simvastatin paling efektif menurunkan kadar kolesterol total pada mencit (Mus musculus).

Nanoemulsion Characterization of Eel Bone Oil with Bay Leaf Extracts and Antihyperlipidemic Activity Test. The utilization of waste from processing eel (Anguilla spp.) can be extracted into beneficial oil. The high content of unsaturated fatty acids in eel fish oil is beneficial for health, such as anti-hyperlipidemia. In combination with extracts of natural ingredients, bay leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp) is expected to have a synergistic effect as an antihyperlipidemic agent. The combination formula of the two ingredients was made in a lipid-based drug delivery system (LBDDS) in the form of a nanoemulsion to increase solubility and bioavailability. This study aimed to analyze the content of eel bone oil, the characteristics of the nanoemulsion formula of bay leaf extract-eel bone oil (NME), and the antihyperlipidemic activity of the NME formula. Eel bone oil contains a composition of SAFA (Saturated Fatty Acid) of 40.02%, MUFA (Mono Unsaturated Fatty Acid) of 45.58%, and PUFA (Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid) of 14.40%, which includes medium-to long-chain fatty acids. The NME formula has a particle size of 36.45 nm, a polydispersity index (PI) of 0.199, and a zeta potential of -21,2 mV. The combination of NME–Simvastatin is the most effective in influencing changes in lipid profiles.     

Keywords

antihyperlipidemic; bay leaf; nanoemulsion; bone eel

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.19.1.61169.14-22

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