Pengaruh Berbagai Parameter Ekstraksi dalam Pemisahan Unsur Tanah Jarang dengan Metode Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM)

Handias Meilinda, Novi Noviyanti, Anni Anggraeni, Diana Hendrati, Husein H Bahti

Abstract

Unsur Tanah Jarang (UTJ) adalah 15 elemen kelompok lantanida, ditambah skandium dan itrium yang termasuk kelompok aktinida. UTJ memiliki banyak manfaat di berbagai bidang. Sifat fisik dan kimia yang mirip antar UTJ membuatnya sulit dipisahkan sehingga pemisahan UTJ menarik dipelajari dengan berbagai macam metode, salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM). ELM merupakan metode pemisahan yang dikembangkan dari ekstraksi pelarut terdiri dari tiga fase, yaitu fase eksternal (fase umpan) yang berisi UTJ yang akan dipisahkan, fase internal (fase pengupasan), dan fase membran. Fase membran berisi surfaktan sebagai penstabil dan ligan yang akan membentuk kompleks dengan UTJ pada antarmuka fase umpan dan membawanya berdifusi ke dalam fase pengupasan. ELM merupakan metode efektif untuk pemisahan karena tahap ekstraksi dan pengupasan (stripping) terjadi secara bersamaan dalam satu tahap dan fase membrannya dapat digunakan kembali. Pemisahan UTJ menggunakan metode ELM dengan berbagai ligan, seperti D2EHPA, Cyanex 572, P204, dan (RO)2P(O)OPh-COOH dipengaruhi oleh berbagai parameter, seperti konsentrasi ligan, pH fase umpan, waktu pengadukan ekstraksi, kecepatan pengadukan ekstraksi, rasio fase umpan, konsentrasi fase pengupasan, konsentrasi surfaktan, dan konsentrasi fase umpan. Parameter tersebut diseleksi untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi ekstraksi dan pengupasan yang berbeda.

Effect of Various Parameters in Separation of Rare Earth Elements using the Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM) Method. Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are 15 elements of the lanthanide group, plus scandium and yttrium, which belong to the actinide group. REEs have many benefits in various fields. Similar physical and chemical properties between REEs make it difficult to separate, thus REEs separation is interesting to study by various methods, one of which is by using an emulsion liquid membrane (ELM). ELM is a method developed from solvent extraction consisting of three phases: the external phase (feed phase) which contains REEs to be collected, the internal phase (stripping phase), and the membrane phase. The membrane phase contains surfactants as stabilizers and ligands which will form complexes with REEs in the feed phase and are designed to diffuse into the stripping phase. ELM is an effective method to involve because extraction and stripping occur together in one glass and the membrane phase can be reused. Separation of REEs using the ELM method with various ligands, such as D2EHPA, Cyanex 572, P204, and (RO)2P(O)OPh-COOH influenced by various parameters, such as ligand concentration, feed phase pH, extraction stirring time, extraction stirring speed, feed phase ratio, stripping phase concentration, surfactant concentration, and feed phase concentration. These parameters are selected to obtain optimum conditions thereby increasing the efficiency of different extraction and stripping.

 

Keywords

efisiensi ekstraksi; efisiensi penguapan; ekstraksi; emulsion liquid membrane (ELM); UTJ

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.17.1.38683.1-9

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