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Efektivitas Pendekatan Open Ended Modifikasi Metode Montessori Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Numerik Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Abstract
Numerical ability is a fundamental competency essential to mathematics learning at the elementary level. However, various studies indicate that students still struggle to understand basic number concepts and arithmetic operations. This literature review aims to examine the effectiveness of the open-ended approach modified with the Montessori method in improving elementary students’ numerical ability. Findings reveal that the open-ended approach encourages flexible and creative thinking in solving mathematical problems, while the Montessori method helps students understand concepts concretely and gradually, in line with their cognitive development. The integration of both approaches creates meaningful, active, and enjoyable learning experiences that enhance number sense, counting skills, and conceptual understanding. This article recommends the open-ended Montessori approach as an innovative and adaptive alternative for teaching numeracy in elementary education.
Kemampuan numerik merupakan kompetensi dasar yang esensial dalam pembelajaran matematika di tingkat sekolah dasar. Namun, berbagai studi menunjukkan bahwa siswa masih menghadapi kesulitan dalam memahami konsep dasar bilangan dan operasi matematika. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meninjau literatur mengenai efektivitas pendekatan open ended yang dimodifikasi dengan metode Montessori dalam meningkatkan kemampuan numerik siswa sekolah dasar. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan open ended mendorong pemikiran fleksibel dan kreatif dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika, sementara metode Montessori membantu siswa memahami konsep secara konkret dan bertahap sesuai perkembangan kognitif mereka. Kombinasi kedua pendekatan ini menciptakan pembelajaran yang bermakna, aktif, dan menyenangkan sehingga mampu meningkatkan aspek number sense, keterampilan menghitung, dan pemahaman konsep bilangan. Artikel ini merekomendasikan pendekatan ini sebagai alternatif pembelajaran numerik yang inovatif dan adaptif di sekolah dasar.
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