ANALYSIS OF THE EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS OF FRUITS UNDER HS CODE 080450 (GUAVA, MANGO, AND MANGOSTEEN) FROM INDONESIA IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET

Abstract

Tropical fruits such as mango, mangosteen, and guava are among
Indonesia’s leading horticultural products. Mangosteen fruit is the largest export to
Indonesia’s total fruit exports. However, Indonesia's mangosteen export share is still
very low, and this should be maximized. Mango also has promising export
opportunities as it occupied the 21st position as an exporting country in 2021. Guava
also has same condition with an increase in export and already having markets
abroad, such as Singapore and Korea. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness
of Indonesian mangosteen exports in the international market and compare with other
mangosteen-exporting countries in the international market to determine the factors
that affect mangosteen competitiveness. The data used are secondary data from 2003
to 2022. The analysis methods used were RCA, ECI, TSI and multiple regression
analysis were used. The RCA analysis results show that Indonesian mangosteen has
a comparative advantage with a value of 1.053. The results of the ECI analysis show
that Indonesian mangosteen has a competitive advantage and experiences an
increasing export trend with a value of 1.217 and TSI shows that Indonesia tends to
be a mangosteen exporting country and is at the maturity stage with a value of 0.903.
However, Indonesia's competitive position is still below that of other countries such
as Thailand, India, Peru and Kenya. Factors that significantly affect Indonesia’s RCA
are Indonesia’s and Thailand’s export volume and Indonesia’s export prices.