Mapping Research on the BSCS 5E Instructional Model in Biology and Science Education: A Bibliometric Analysis

Rifka Agnes, Ahmad Syaiful Anwar, Radian Ririn, Muhammad Ridwan Nureifa, Slamet Suyanto

Abstract


This study maps publications on BSCS and the 5E Learning Model in biology and science education using bibliometric analysis, focusing on research trends, dominant topics, key authors, and influential works. A Scopus search on 25 November 2025 retrieved 146 documents, which were screened to 98 original articles for analysis using RStudio and Biblioshiny to identify publication production, citation patterns, collaboration networks, and thematic mapping. Results show a substantial increase in publications since 2015, with dominant topics including the learning cycle, 5E model, inquiry-based science education, and science education. The United States was the most productive country in terms of publications and received the highest number of citations. It was followed in terms of citations by Lebanon, Turkey, Germany, Indonesia, China, and Australia. The literature spans 1985–2025, with publications showing an annual growth rate of 5.65%. The most productive institutions include Montana State University, Bahir Dar University, and the University of Mataram, while BSCS is identified as a key developer of the 5E Model. These findings indicate that the BSCS and 5E Models are developing as prominent pedagogical frameworks in biology and science education, and open opportunities for research on technology integration, model expansion, and strengthening students' inquiry skills. It is important to note that this analysis is based exclusively on English-language publications indexed in the Scopus database, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to non-English or non-Scopus indexed literature.

Keywords


BSCS, 5E Model, Bibliometrics, Biology education, Science education

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/bioedukasi.v19i2.111543

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