Peran Literasi dan Guru dalam Deteksi Dini Kekerasan Seksual pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar

Wulan Tri Puji Utami, Ismarini Bekti Setiani, Zaenal Mustofa, Lina Rahmawati, Fahrozi Ar-Ra’afi

Abstract

Sexual violence against elementary school students is a crucial problem that often goes unnoticed due to low self-protection literacy and minimal teacher competence in early detection. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a collective case study in three Child-Friendly Schools in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, participant observation, and analysis of school policy documents. The findings show that students' understanding of body rights and how to report violence is still limited. On the other hand, the majority of teachers have not received formal training to recognize signs of sexual violence. Child protection materials have not been fully integrated into the curriculum, and the reporting system in schools does not support optimal student participation. These results emphasize the importance of strengthening child protection literacy through thematic curricula, ongoing teacher training, and a reporting system that is safe, inclusive, and responsive to children's needs. Strategic recommendations include integrating child protection literacy into learning, improving early detection capabilities for teachers, and developing a safe and responsive complaint system.

Kekerasan seksual pada siswa sekolah dasar merupakan permasalahan krusial yang kerap luput dari perhatian karena rendahnya literasi perlindungan diri dan minimnya kompetensi guru dalam deteksi dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran literasi siswa dan guru dalam mendeteksi dini kekerasan seksual di tingkat sekolah dasar. Fokus utamanya mencakup identifikasi kontribusi literasi dalam upaya pencegahan kekerasan seksual, analisis terhadap kemampuan guru dalam melakukan deteksi dini, serta penyusunan rekomendasi strategis untuk intervensi yang efektif di lingkungan sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif desktiptif dengan studi kasus kolektif di tiga Sekolah Ramah Anak di Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen kebijakan sekolah. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman siswa tentang hak atas tubuh dan cara melaporkan kekerasan masih terbatas. Di sisi lain, mayoritas guru belum memperoleh pelatihan formal untuk mengenali tanda-tanda kekerasan seksual. Materi perlindungan anak belum terintegrasi secara menyeluruh dalam kurikulum, dan sistem pelaporan di sekolah belum mendukung partisipasi siswa secara optimal. Hasil ini menekankan pentingnya penguatan literasi perlindungan anak melalui kurikulum tematik, pelatihan guru berkelanjutan, dan sistem pelaporan yang aman, inklusif, serta responsif terhadap kebutuhan anak. Rekomendasi strategis mencakup integrasi literasi perlindungan anak dalam pembelajaran, peningkatan kemampuan deteksi dini bagi guru, serta pengembangan sistem pengaduan yang aman dan pastiripatif.

Keywords

literasi, kekerasan sekual, sekolah ramah anak, peran guru, perlindungan anak

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/shes.v8i3.107487

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