Publication Ethics

The Indonesian Journal of Applied Statistics (IJAS) is committed to responsible research and publication practices. The journal follows the ethical principles and guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and expects authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher to uphold these standards throughout the publication process.

The following responsibilities are intended to ensure that manuscripts are evaluated fairly, research findings are reported accurately, and the integrity of published articles is maintained.

1. Responsibilities of Authors

Originality and submission

Authors must submit original manuscripts that have not been published elsewhere and are not being considered by another journal. Any material taken from previous publications must be properly cited. Authors should also disclose relevant earlier versions of the manuscript, including preprints or conference papers, where applicable.

Plagiarism, duplicate publication, and the inappropriate reuse of previously published material are not acceptable.

Accuracy and integrity of research

Authors are responsible for the accuracy of the data, statistical methods, analyses, and conclusions presented in their manuscripts. Research findings must be reported without fabrication, falsification, selective manipulation, or misleading interpretation.

The choice of statistical methods should be appropriate to the research objectives and characteristics of the data. Authors should provide sufficient information about their analytical procedures to allow readers to understand and evaluate the results.

When requested by the editor, authors should be prepared to provide relevant data, analysis procedures, or supporting materials, subject to ethical, legal, and confidentiality restrictions.

Authorship and contributions

Authorship should reflect substantial contributions to the research and preparation of the manuscript. All listed authors must have reviewed and approved the submitted version and agreed to its submission.

Individuals who contributed to the work but do not meet the criteria for authorship should be acknowledged appropriately. Any proposed changes to the author list after submission must be explained to and approved by the editorial team, with the agreement of all affected authors.

Research ethics and permissions

Research involving human participants, personal information, or sensitive data must comply with applicable ethical and legal requirements. Where required, authors must obtain approval from the relevant ethics committee and informed consent from research participants.

Authors are responsible for protecting participants' privacy and obtaining permission to use copyrighted materials, restricted datasets, or other resources requiring authorization.

Funding and conflicts of interest

Authors must disclose sources of financial support and any personal, professional, or financial interests that could influence the research or its interpretation. Where applicable, the role of the funding organization in the research should also be stated.

Corrections and cooperation

Authors are expected to respond to editorial and reviewer comments professionally. If a significant error is identified during review or after publication, the authors must inform the editor and cooperate in determining whether a correction or other editorial action is necessary.

2. Responsibilities of Editors

Fair editorial decisions

Editors evaluate manuscripts on their academic merit, relevance to the journal, methodological quality, and contribution to the field. Editorial decisions must not be influenced by the authors' nationality, gender, religion, institutional affiliation, political views, or other personal characteristics.

Editors are responsible for ensuring that the evaluation process is fair and that publication decisions are based on scholarly considerations rather than personal or commercial interests.

Peer review management

Editors select reviewers whose expertise is relevant to the manuscript and oversee the review process in accordance with the journal's Peer Review Process policy.

IJAS applies a double-blind peer review system. Editors are responsible for protecting the identities of authors and reviewers during the review process and ensuring that manuscripts are evaluated independently.

Reviewers' recommendations are considered in editorial decisions, but the final responsibility for accepting or rejecting a manuscript rests with the responsible editor.

Confidentiality and conflicts of interest

Editors must treat submitted manuscripts, reviewer reports, and editorial correspondence as confidential. Unpublished information obtained through editorial work must not be used for personal research or other purposes without appropriate permission.

Editors must disclose potential conflicts of interest and withdraw from handling manuscripts when their impartiality may be compromised. In such cases, the manuscript should be assigned to another editor.

Publication integrity

Editors are responsible for assessing concerns about plagiarism, unreliable data, inappropriate authorship, manipulated peer review, and other suspected misconduct.

When necessary, editors may request clarification or supporting evidence from the authors, consult independent experts, or refer the matter to the relevant institution. Appropriate editorial actions should be taken in accordance with the journal's policies and applicable COPE guidance.

Editors must not require unnecessary citations for the purpose of increasing the journal's citation metrics or promoting their own publications.

3. Responsibilities of Reviewers

Expertise and timeliness

Reviewers should accept assignments only when the manuscript falls within their area of expertise and they can complete the review within the agreed period. If they are unable to undertake the review, they should inform the editor promptly.

Objective and constructive assessment

Reviewers are expected to evaluate manuscripts fairly and provide constructive comments supported by clear academic reasoning.

For manuscripts submitted to IJAS, particular attention should be given to the suitability of the statistical methods, the validity of the analysis, the interpretation of results, and the extent to which the conclusions are supported by the findings.

Personal criticism, offensive language, and recommendations influenced by personal preferences are inappropriate.

Confidentiality

Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Reviewers must not share the manuscript or discuss its contents with others without permission from the editor.

Information obtained through peer review must not be used for personal benefit or incorporated into the reviewer's own research without authorization.

Conflicts of interest

Reviewers must inform the editor of any relationship or interest that could affect their objectivity. They should decline an assignment when a conflict of interest prevents an impartial assessment.

Reviewers should also notify the editor if they recognize the identity of an author and believe this may compromise the double-blind review process.

Research integrity

Reviewers should alert the editor to suspected plagiarism, substantial overlap with other publications, inconsistencies in reported data, or other possible ethical concerns.

Suggestions for additional references must be based on their relevance to the manuscript rather than an intention to increase citation counts.

4. Responsibilities of the Publisher

The publisher supports the editorial team in maintaining the quality, continuity, and integrity of IJAS. It respects editorial independence and does not interfere with decisions concerning manuscript acceptance or rejection.

The publisher also supports the management of publication records, the accessibility of published articles, and the handling of ethical concerns that require institutional involvement.

Copyright ownership and the permitted use of published articles are governed by the journal's Copyright Policy and Licensing Policy.

5. Handling Ethical Concerns

IJAS considers reports of suspected research or publication misconduct, whether they arise during manuscript evaluation or after publication.

The editorial team will assess concerns based on the available evidence and may seek explanations from the parties involved. When appropriate, the journal may consult independent experts or contact the authors' institutions.

Depending on the circumstances, editorial actions may include requesting revisions or clarifications, rejecting a manuscript, publishing a correction or an expression of concern, or retracting an article.

Further procedures are described in the journal's Plagiarism Policy, Authorship and Contributorship Policy, Conflict of Interest Policy, Allegation of Research Misconduct Policy, and Correction and Retraction Policy.

IJAS aims to address ethical concerns fairly, maintain appropriate confidentiality, and preserve the reliability of the published scholarly record.

Authorship & Contributorship

The Indonesian Journal of Applied Statistics (IJAS) recognizes authorship as a reflection of an individual's contribution to a research project and responsibility for the published work. Only those who have made substantial intellectual contributions to the research and preparation of the manuscript should be listed as authors.

Authorship Criteria

To be recognized as an author, an individual must meet all four of the following criteria:

1. Have made a substantial contribution to the study's conception or design, data collection, development of statistical methods, analysis, or interpretation of results.

2. Have participated in writing the manuscript or critically revising its intellectual content.

3. Have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript for submission and publication.

4. Agree to take responsibility for the work and help address any questions about its accuracy or integrity.

Contributions limited to providing funding, general supervision, administrative assistance, or routine technical support do not, on their own, qualify an individual for authorship.

Author Responsibilities and Changes in Authorship

All authors must agree to the submission of the manuscript and the order in which their names appear. The corresponding author is responsible for communicating with the journal and ensuring that all co-authors meet the authorship criteria and have approved the submitted manuscript.

Changes to the author list after submission should be avoided unless there is a valid reason. Requests to add, remove, or rearrange authors must be accompanied by an explanation and written agreement from all affected authors. The editorial team will review these requests before making a decision.

Changes requested after acceptance require editorial approval. If an authorship change is necessary after publication, it will be addressed through a formal correction notice.

Author Contributions

IJAS encourages authors to describe their individual contributions to the research and manuscript preparation. Authors may use the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) framework, which covers roles such as conceptualization, methodology, software, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing, visualization, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition.

Each author should be able to explain their contribution and take responsibility for the work they have carried out.

Acknowledgments and Use of AI Tools

Individuals who contributed to the research but do not meet the authorship criteria should be acknowledged, with their permission. This may include those who provided technical assistance, administrative support, general supervision, or other forms of help.

Any use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in preparing a manuscript must be disclosed in accordance with the journal's AI Use Policy. AI tools cannot be listed as authors, and the authors remain responsible for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of their work.

IJAS does not accept guest, gift, or ghost authorship. Any authorship concerns or disputes will be handled in accordance with the journal's Publication Ethics and Allegation of Research Misconduct Policy.

Conflict of Interest

This journal is dedicated to upholding the highest standards of transparency and ethical conduct in academic publishing. This policy provides definitions of conflicts of interest and describes procedures for addressing conflicts of interest involving authors, reviewers, editors, the journal, and the publisher, whether identified prior to or after publication. The journal adheres to the Core Practices established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. Definition of Conflicts of Interest

A conflict of interest occurs when an individual or entity has financial, personal, professional, or academic relationships or interests that could influence or appear to influence their objectivity, integrity, or decision-making in the context of research, review, editorial work, or publication processes.

2. Identification of Conflicts of Interest

All participants in the publication process including authors, reviewers, editors, and others are required to disclose any potential conflicts of interest relevant to the work they are submitting, reviewing, editing, or publishing. These potential conflicts may include, but are not limited to:

• Financial interests: Funding sources, stock ownership, employment, consultancy arrangements, or other financial ties related to the research.
• Personal relationships: Close personal or familial relationships with individuals involved in the research or publication process.
• Academic relationships: Collaborations or academic affiliations that could affect objectivity or create perceptions of bias.
• Competing affiliations: Relationships with competing organizations that might have conflicting interests in the research or its outcomes.
• Intellectual property: Ownership of patents, copyrights, or intellectual property rights potentially impacted by the research or publication.

3. Handling Conflicts of Interest

The management will address conflicts of interest with diligence and transparency.

• For Authors: Authors are required to disclose all potential conflicts of interest during the manuscript submission process. If a conflict of interest is identified after publication, authors should promptly inform the editorial board. The editorial board will address the conflict transparently and, if necessary, issue corrections or retractions.
• For Reviewers: Reviewers must decline invitations to review if they have conflicts of interest that could compromise their impartiality. If a conflict arises during the review process, reviewers should immediately notify the editorial board for appropriate action.
• For Editors and Journal Staff: Editors and journal staff involved in the review and publication process must recuse themselves from handling submissions in which they have conflicts of interest. When uncertainty arises, the editorial board will decide on the appropriate course of action.
• For Publishers: The publisher must implement policies to address potential conflicts of interest within its organization. The publisher should ensure that editorial decisions and processes are free from financial or competing interests.

4. Transparency and Disclosure

This journal will clearly outline its conflicts of interest policy and inform all stakeholders of the requirements for disclosure. Disclosures made by authors, reviewers, editors, and other stakeholders will be published alongside the relevant articles, reviews, or editorials to ensure transparency. Additionally, the journal will limit or restrict access to the publication process for editors, reviewers, and stakeholders who co-author articles submitted to the journal.

Plagiarism Policy

The Indonesian Journal of Applied Statistics (IJAS) is committed to publishing original research and does not tolerate plagiarism in any form. Authors are responsible for ensuring that their manuscripts are original and that all sources are properly acknowledged.

All submitted manuscripts are screened for text similarity using plagiarism detection software before entering the peer review process. Authors are encouraged to check their manuscripts before submission to identify excessive text overlap and ensure that quotations, paraphrases, and references are properly cited.

IJAS sets a maximum similarity index of 25%. Manuscripts exceeding this limit will be rejected during the initial editorial screening. Properly cited references and commonly used technical terms are excluded from the similarity assessment, where appropriate.

A similarity score alone does not determine whether plagiarism has occurred. Editors may examine the similarity report to identify copied or improperly paraphrased material, missing citations, and substantial overlap with previously published work. Manuscripts with a similarity index below 20% may still be rejected if plagiarism is identified.

Plagiarism concerns may also involve the inappropriate reuse of an author's previously published material without proper acknowledgment. Authors are expected to disclose relevant earlier publications and avoid submitting substantially similar work to more than one journal.

If plagiarism is suspected during manuscript evaluation, the editorial team may request clarification or take appropriate action based on the available evidence. Concerns identified after publication will be handled in accordance with the journal's Allegation of Research Misconduct Policy and Correction and Retraction Policy.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Use Policy

Allegation of Research Misconduct

The Indonesian Journal of Applied Statistics (IJAS) is committed to maintaining the integrity, transparency, and credibility of scholarly publishing. All allegations of research and publication misconduct are taken seriously and handled fairly, objectively, and confidentially, in accordance with the principles and guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. Types of Research Misconduct

Research and publication misconduct may include, but is not limited to:

• Fabrication or falsification of research data, results, or findings.

• Plagiarism and the unauthorized use of others' intellectual work.

• Duplicate or redundant publication without appropriate disclosure.

• Inappropriate authorship attribution or undisclosed authorship changes.

• Manipulation of research data, images, citations, or the peer review process.

• Other serious violations of research and publication ethics.

Authors, reviewers, readers, editors, and other concerned parties may report suspected misconduct to the Editor-in-Chief through the journal's official contact channels.

Reports should include a clear description of the alleged misconduct and, where possible, relevant supporting evidence. IJAS considers allegations submitted in good faith and maintains confidentiality to the extent reasonably possible.

3. Assessment and Investigation

Upon receiving an allegation, the editorial team will conduct an initial assessment to determine whether further examination is warranted.

Depending on the nature of the allegation, IJAS may:

• Request explanations, supporting documents, or research data from the authors.

• Consult editorial board members or independent experts.

• Refer the matter to the authors' affiliated institutions or relevant research integrity bodies when a formal investigation is necessary.

• Follow applicable COPE guidance in evaluating and resolving the case.

Individuals with relevant conflicts of interest will not participate in the assessment or editorial decision-making process. Parties concerned will normally be given an opportunity to respond before a final editorial decision is made.

4. Editorial Actions

Based on the available evidence and the severity of the issue, IJAS may take appropriate editorial actions, including:

• Requesting clarification or corrections.

• Rejecting a manuscript under consideration.

• Publishing a correction or an expression of concern.

• Retracting a published article.

• Notifying relevant institutions or other journals when justified.

All editorial actions will be proportionate to the findings and consistent with the journal's Correction and Retraction Policy.

5. Confidentiality and Fairness

IJAS handles allegations impartially and avoids premature conclusions. The journal distinguishes, where possible, between honest errors, questionable research practices, and deliberate misconduct.

Confidentiality will be maintained throughout the process to the extent appropriate and practicable. Knowingly false or malicious allegations are not tolerated.

6. Post-publication Allegations

Allegations involving published articles will be evaluated regardless of the time elapsed since publication. Where necessary, IJAS will take appropriate corrective actions to preserve the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record.

IJAS is committed to resolving concerns responsibly while ensuring fairness to all parties involved.

Post-publication Discussion

The Indonesian Journal of Applied Statistics (IJAS) encourages scholarly discussion of articles published in the journal. Constructive feedback and academic debate are important for clarifying research findings, exploring different interpretations, and improving the quality of scientific knowledge. In line with the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), IJAS supports responsible discussion after publication.

Readers, researchers, and authors may submit comments, questions, or scholarly critiques concerning published articles through the journal's official contact channels. These may address research methods, statistical analyses, data interpretation, or conclusions. Submissions should be relevant to the article, supported by appropriate evidence, and expressed in a respectful and professional manner.

The editorial team will review the comments or critiques received and determine whether further discussion is appropriate. When substantive concerns are raised, the authors of the original article will normally be invited to respond. Where appropriate, IJAS may publish a letter to the editor, scholarly commentary, or author response and provide a link to the original article.

Academic disagreements and differences in interpretation do not necessarily indicate research misconduct. However, if a discussion reveals significant errors or raises concerns about the reliability or integrity of published findings, the editorial team will assess the matter in accordance with the journal's Allegation of Research Misconduct Policy and Correction and Retraction Policy.

IJAS aims to ensure that post-publication discussions remain fair, constructive, and focused on the scientific content of published research.

Correction and Retraction

This journal is committed to maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record. Published articles may require amendment when significant errors, omissions, or concerns about research integrity are identified. Authors, readers, and reviewers are encouraged to report such issues to the Editor-in-Chief, providing specific details and supporting evidence. Reports will be assessed impartially, in consultation with the authors and, where appropriate, reviewers, editorial board members, or relevant institutions, following COPE’s guidance and WAME’s recommendations.

Corrections will be issued when confirmed errors affect the interpretation or understanding of an article but do not invalidate its principal findings or conclusions. Author-originated errors may be addressed through a corrigendum, while errors introduced during journal production may be addressed through an erratum. Each correction notice will clearly describe the error, explain the amendment, and be permanently linked to the original article. Any changes to the published article will be clearly identified to preserve a transparent publication record.

Retraction will be considered when there is clear evidence that an article’s findings are unreliable because of a major error, fabrication, or falsification, or when the publication involves plagiarism, redundant publication, or unethical research. Retraction decisions will be based on the available evidence and the need to protect the scholarly record. A formal retraction notice will identify the article, state who is retracting it, and explain the reasons, distinguishing between honest error and misconduct where possible. The article will ordinarily remain accessible but will be clearly marked as retracted and linked to the notice.

An expression of concern may be issued when substantial concerns exist about an article’s reliability or integrity but the available evidence is inconclusive, or an investigation is ongoing or likely to be prolonged. The notice will explain the concerns and be linked to the article. It will be updated or replaced with an appropriate notice when further evidence becomes available or the investigation concludes. Authors are expected to cooperate with the journal by providing relevant data, explanations, or clarifications needed to resolve post-publication issues.

License

The Indonesian Journal of Applied Statistics (IJAS) publishes its articles under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0), unless otherwise indicated in the individual article.

Under this license, readers and other users are permitted to:

1. Share — Copy and redistribute the published material in any medium or format for any purpose, including commercial purposes.

2. Adapt — Remix, transform, and build upon the published material for any purpose, including commercial purposes.

These permissions are granted under the following conditions:

• Attribution: Users must give appropriate credit to the original author(s), provide a reference to the original publication, include a link to the license, and indicate whether changes have been made.

• ShareAlike: If users remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute their contributions under the same license or a compatible license.

• No Additional Restrictions: Users may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from exercising the rights permitted by the license.

Copyright and Publication Rights

Authors retain the copyright of their work and grant IJAS the right of first publication. The Creative Commons license allows the published work to be accessed, shared, and reused in accordance with the applicable licensing terms.

Licensing of Previously Published Articles

The CC BY-SA 4.0 license applies to articles published under this licensing policy. Articles published before its implementation remain subject to the copyright and licensing terms applicable at the time of their publication, unless otherwise explicitly stated.

For further information, please refer to the official license:

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Ownership and Management

This journal is published by Universitas Sebelas Maret. The journal is committed to maintaining high standards of academic integrity, ethical publishing, transparency, and operational sustainability in accordance with international best practices in scholarly publishing.

This journal upholds full editorial independence. All editorial decisions are based solely on scholarly merit, including originality, scientific quality, relevance, clarity, and compliance with publication ethics. Editorial decisions are made independently by the Editor-in-Chief and editorial team without interference from the publisher or external parties.