PEMBANGUNAN TRANSPORTASI KERETA API DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP EKOLOGI KOTA SURAKARTA (1864-1942)

Haikal Elbaitsa Arkaan, Tri Yunianto, Dadan Adi Kurniawan

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) the development of rail transportation in the city of Surakarta in 1864-1942. (2) the influence of the development of rail transportation on the ecology of Surakarta City in 1864-1942.The method used in this research is the historical method. The steps taken in using this method include heuristics, source criticism, data interpretation, and historiography. Sources of data used are primary and secondary sources. Data collection techniques using library research techniques. The data analysis technique uses external and internal criticism. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded: (1) Rail transportation in its construction has developed very rapidly in the city of Surakarta. The initial idea for developing rail transportation was initiated by the private airline company Nederlandsch Indische Spoorweg Maatscahppij (NISM). The construction of rail transportation which began in 1864 was able to replace the Bengawan Solo river route. With the development of rail transportation, many foreign investors are increasingly interested in investing in the plantation industry on the island of Java. Seeing the benefits obtained by private airlines, the government also established the State Spoorwegen Matchappij (SS). The construction of railway lines in Surakarta City was carried out in stages until in the 1900s it was able to reach all areas in Surakarta. (2) The development of rail transportation is very influential on the ecology of the city of Surakarta. The existence of transportation facilities increases the mobility of the population from villages to cities. The high mobility of the population affects the economic, socio-cultural, public health and infrastructure aspects of the city. The construction of infrastructure facilities is carried out to facilitate the people of the city of Surakarta. This changed the shape of Surakarta City into a more modern city.

Keywords

Rail Transportation, City Ecology, Surakarta.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abbas Salim H.A. (2004). Manajemen Transportasi. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.

Abd Rahman Hamid, Muhammad Saleh Majid. (2011). Pengantar Ilmu Sejarah. Yogyakarta: Ombak.

Abdurrahman, Dudung. (2011). Metodologi Penelitian Sejarah Islam. Yogyakarta: Ombak.

Andriansyah. (2015). Manajemen Transportasi dalam Kajian dan Teori. Jakarta: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo Beragama.

Bintarto R. (1977). Interaksi Desa Kota dan Permasalahannya. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia.

Dwiyanto, Heri. (1995). Pembangunan Bidang Kesehatan Di Praja Mangkunegaran Pada Masa Mangkunegoro VIIâ€. Skripsi Jurusan Ilmu Sejarah, Fakultas Sastra dan Seni Rupa, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta.

Gunawan, Restu. (2005). Wabah Pes di Jawa 1915-1925 dalam Sejarah dan Dialog Peradaban Persembahan 70 Tahun Prof. Dr. Taufik Abdullah. Jakarta: LIPI

Hensi Margaretta. (2000). Pembangunan Pedesaan. Jakarta: UI Press.

Houben, Vincen.J.H. (2002). Keraton dan Kompeni: Surakarta dan Yogyakarta, 1830-1870. Yogyakarta: Bentang Budaya.

Kartodirjo, Sartono & Djoko Suryo. (1991). Sejarah Perkebunan di Indonesia Kajian Sosial Ekonomi. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka.

Kuntowijoyo. (2000). The Making of a Modern Urban Ecology: Social and Economic History of Solo 1900-1915. Dalam Lembaran Sejarah Vol. 3 No. 1 2000. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Sejarah Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Kuntowijoyo. (2003). Pengantar Ilmu Sejarah. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana.

Loomba, Ania. (2003). Kolonialisme/Pascakolonialisme. Yogyakarta: Bentang Budaya.

Marihandono Dkk. (2018). Nalika Tanah Jawa Sinabukan Ril Konsensi NV NISM di Jawa Tengah 1863-1958. Bandung: Aset Non Railway Direktorat Aset Tanah dan Bangunan PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero).

Riyanto, Bedjo. (2000). Iklan Surat Kabar dan Perubahan Masyarakat di Jawa Masa Kolonial (1870-1915). Yogyakarta: Tarawang.

Subarkah, Imam. (1993). Sekilas 125 tahun Kereta Api: 1867-1992. Bandung: Grafika.

Suhartono. (1991). Apanage dan Bekel, Perubahan Sosial di Pedesaan Surakarta (1830-1920). Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana.

Supangkat, Eddy. (2008). Ambarawa Kota Lokomotif Tua. Salatiga: Griya Media

Susanto. (2004) Penetrasi Budaya Asing. (Dalam Diakronik Vol. 1 No. 5 Juli 2004).

Van Niel Robert. (2003). Sistem Tanam Paksa: Kumpulan Tulisan. Jakarta: LP3ES.

Wasino. (2008). Kapitalisme Bumi Putra: Perubahan Masyarakat Mangkunegaran. Yogyakarta: LKIS.