Publication Ethics

Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement

Yustisia  (p-ISSN: 0852-0941; e-ISSN: 2549-0907) is a peer-reviewed journal published by Faculty of Law, University of Sebelas Maret .This statement clarifies ethical behaviour of all parties involved in the act of publishing an article in this journal, including the author, the chief editor, the Editorial Board, the peer-reviewer­­­­­ and the publisher. This statement is based on COPE’s Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.

1. Allegations of Misconduct

Yustisia upholds integrity in scholarly publication. Allegations of research or publication misconduct—including fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, redundant publication, manipulation of the peer review process, or undeclared conflicts of interest—will be handled according to COPE flowcharts.
All complaints or suspicions may be reported confidentially to the Editor-in-Chief. The editorial office will:

1. Record and acknowledge receipt of the allegation;

2. Conduct an initial assessment;

3. Seek a response from the author(s) within a reasonable time;

4. If necessary, involve the author’s institution or relevant ethics committee; and

5. Publish appropriate outcomes (correction, retraction, or expression of concern).
   Confidentiality and fairness are maintained throughout

2. Authorship and Contributorship

Authorship must be limited to individuals who have made significant contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study. All authors must approve the final manuscript and agree to its submission.
Yustisia encourages transparent author contribution statements (e.g., conceptualization, methodology, analysis, writing).
Any request for addition, removal, or rearrangement of authors after submission must be approved by all co-authors and justified in writing. Disputes regarding authorship will follow COPE’s guidance.

3. Complaints and Appeals

Yustisia provides a transparent mechanism for handling complaints about editorial conduct, decisions, or publication ethics.

1. Authors may appeal an editorial decision by writing to the Editor-in-Chief within 30 days of notification, providing clear reasons and supporting evidence;
2. Complaints about editorial behaviour, bias, or ethical breaches can be submitted to the Managing Editor or Faculty of Law Ethics Committee.
   All appeals and complaints will be acknowledged, reviewed independently, and concluded transparently. The final decision rests with the Editor-in-Chief.

4. Conflicts of Interest

All parties—authors, reviewers, and editors—must disclose any financial, personal, or institutional relationships that could influence their work.

1. Authors must declare all funding sources and potential conflicts in their manuscripts.
2. Reviewers must decline assignments if a conflict exists (e.g., collaboration, competition, or personal connection).
3. Editors must recuse themselves when handling manuscripts involving potential conflicts.
   Disclosures will be published within the article, and any undisclosed conflict discovered post-publication may lead to correction or retraction.

5. Data and Reproducibility

Authors must ensure that data supporting the results are accurately represented and available upon reasonable request.
Yustisia encourages data sharing through reputable repositories and requires a Data Availability Statement in each article.
Authors are responsible for transparency in methodology and adherence to appropriate reporting guidelines. Falsification or selective reporting constitutes misconduct.

6. Ethical Oversight

Research involving human participants, animals, or sensitive data must comply with institutional and international ethical standards.

1. Authors must state that ethical approval was obtained (including IRB name and reference number).
2. For human research, informed consent must be obtained and participants’ privacy protected.
3. For animal studies, authors must confirm compliance with ethical standards and welfare protocols.
4. Failure to obtain proper ethical oversight may result in rejection or retraction.

7. Intellectual Property and Plagiarism

Yustisia publishes under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
Authors retain copyright but grant Yustisia the right of first publication.
All submissions are screened with plagiarism-detection software (Turnitin).
Plagiarism, duplicate or redundant publication, and self-plagiarism are strictly prohibited. Submissions exceeding the similarity threshold or reproducing copyrighted material without permission will be rejected or retracted.
Authors must ensure all figures, tables, and text are original or properly cited.

8. Journal Management

Yustisia is published by the Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Editorial independence is guaranteed: commercial, institutional, or sponsor interests shall not influence editorial decisions.
The journal’s management maintains transparency in:

1. Editorial board membership and responsibilities,
2. Peer review procedures,
3. Article processing charges and waiver policy, and
4. Training for editors and reviewers.
   All processes are reviewed annually to ensure compliance with COPE and national standards (SINTA 1 accreditation).

9. Peer Review Process

Yustisia applies a double-blind peer review system. Manuscripts are evaluated by at least two independent experts based on originality, validity, ethical soundness, and relevance.
Editors ensure reviewers have no conflicts of interest. Reviewers are expected to maintain confidentiality, provide objective feedback, and return reviews promptly.
Authors may appeal review outcomes by providing justification and evidence. Review manipulation or coercion will be treated as misconduct.
Reviewer training and recognition are conducted regularly in line with COPE recommendations.

10. Post-Publication Discussion and Corrections

Yustisia supports open post-publication dialogue. Readers may submit comments or letters addressing published articles.
Corrections, corrigenda, errata, or retractions will be issued when errors or ethical breaches are verified.
Retractions follow COPE’s Retraction Guidelines and will clearly state the reason (e.g., error, misconduct, ethical non-compliance).
Expressions of concern may be published if investigations are ongoing. All updates remain permanently linked to the original article.

Author Fees

This journal charges the following author fees.

With effect from 1st August 2024 onwards, the paper is accepted for publication will be charge USD 200.00 (USD) or Rp 3.000.000 (IDR)

If you do not have funds to pay such fees, you will have an opportunity to waive and/or discount each fee.

We provide publication fee waivers for authors from low-income economies, discounts for authors from lower-middle-income economies, and/or waivers and discounts for other authors with demonstrable needs.

Plagiarism Policy

Every manuscript submitted for publication in Yustisia Jurnal Hukum is checked for plagiarism after submission and before being sent to an editor for editorial review.

Yustisia uses ‘Turnitin Software’ to detect instances of overlapping and similar text in submitted manuscripts.

How are manuscripts with plagiarism handled?

The manuscripts in which plagiarism is detected are handled based on the extent of plagiarism present in the manuscript.

<5% plagiarism - The manuscript is assigned a manuscript ID and it is immediately sent back to the authors for content revision.
5–25% plagiarism - The manuscript is NOT assigned a manuscript ID and it is immediately sent back to the authors for content revision.
>25% plagiarism - The manuscript is rejected without editorial review. The authors are advised to revise the plagiarized parts of the manuscript and resubmit it as a fresh manuscript.

Retraction

The papers published in Yustisia will be considered to retract in the publication if:

1. They have clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of major error (eg, miscalculation or experimental error), or as a result of fabrication (eg, of data) or falsification (eg, image manipulation);
2. It constitutes plagiarism;
3. The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper attribution to previous sources or disclosure to the editor, permission to republish, or justification (ie, cases of redundant publication);
4. It contains material or data without authorisation for use;
5. Copyright has been infringed or there is some other serious legal issue (eg, libel, privacy);
6. It reports unethical research;
7. It has been published solely on the basis of a compromised or manipulated peer review process;
8. The author(s) failed to disclose a major competing interest (a.k.a. conflict of interest) that, in the view of the editor, would have unduly affected interpretations of the work or recommendations by editors and peer reviewers;
   
   
   The mechanism of retraction follows the Retraction Guidelines of Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) which can be accessed at:
   
   
   https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.4

Publication Ethics on Artificial Intelligence (AI) Usage

1. General Principle

Yustisia recognizes that Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine-learning tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, Grammarly, etc.) can assist research and writing processes. However, AI cannot replace human authorship, accountability, or critical judgment.
Any use of AI in preparing manuscripts must uphold principles of transparency, integrity, and responsibility consistent with COPE Core Practices.

2. Prohibition of AI Authorship

AI tools and automated systems cannot be listed as authors or co-authors.
Authorship implies accountability for originality, intellectual contribution, and ethical responsibility—qualities that AI systems do not possess.
Only human contributors who meet authorship criteria (conceptualization, analysis, writing, approval) can be credited as authors.

3. Disclosure and Transparency

Authors must explicitly disclose in the manuscript if and how AI tools were used, including:

1. the name and version of the tool,
2. the purpose of use (e.g., grammar correction, data analysis, translation, image generation, text summarization), and
3. the extent of human oversight.

A statement such as the following must be included in the Acknowledgments or Methods section:

“Portions of this manuscript were assisted by [AI tool name, version], used for [describe purpose]. All interpretations, analyses, and conclusions are the author’s own responsibility.”

Failure to disclose AI use is considered a breach of publication ethics.

4. Integrity and Verification

Authors are fully responsible for:

1. the accuracy, originality, and truthfulness of all AI-generated or AI-assisted content,
2. verifying that AI output does not contain fabricated data, false citations, or plagiarized material, and
3. ensuring AI tools have not accessed confidential or restricted data.

Editors may request the submission of AI-prompt logs or methodological explanations when necessary to verify transparency.

5. Ethical and Legal Compliance

The use of AI must not:

1. compromise data privacy or participant confidentiality,
2. involve unauthorized use of copyrighted or personal data,
3. generate or manipulate images, audio, or text in a deceptive way,
4. be used to fabricate or falsify research results.

AI applications for predictive legal analysis, case generation, or text summarization must comply with data-protection law (including Indonesia’s Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection) and academic integrity standards.

6. Editorial and Peer Review Integrity

AI tools must not be used by editors or reviewers to:

1. read, summarize, or evaluate confidential manuscripts, or
2. generate review reports.
   Peer review relies on expert human judgment; any use of AI by reviewers must be declared to the Editor-in-Chief and approved before use.
   Editors will apply AI-detection tools only to support, not replace, human assessment of originality and language quality.

7. Data Management and Reproducibility

If AI or machine-learning models are part of the research method, authors must provide:

1. sufficient detail for reproducibility (model type, parameters, training data sources, validation process),
2. ethical approval (if human or legal data were used), and
3. a statement on data provenance and bias mitigation.

Datasets or algorithms trained on sensitive legal cases, personal data, or court documents must ensure anonymization and legal compliance.

8. Sanctions for Misuse

Undisclosed or unethical use of AI (e.g., ghostwriting, text fabrication, deepfake imagery, or citation falsification) constitutes scientific misconduct.
Sanctions include rejection before publication, retraction after publication, or notification to the author’s institution following COPE flowcharts.

9. Continous Monitoring

Editors and reviewers will receive training on identifying and responsibly integrating AI tools in research assessment.

Model Disclosure Example for Authors

AI-Use Disclosure: The authors used OpenAI’s GPT-5 (October 2025 version) to refine the English grammar of this manuscript. The authors reviewed, verified, and are responsible for all final content.

Yustisia will periodically review its AI-ethics policy to adapt to evolving standards of COPE, WAME, and the Indonesian Committee on Publication Ethics (KNEP).
Editors and reviewers will receive training on identifying and responsibly integrating AI tools in research assessment.

References:

1. https://publicationethics.org/guidance/cope-position/authorship-and-ai-tools?utm_source=chatgpt.com.
2. https://publicationethics.org/news-opinion/artificial-intelligence-and-authorship?utm_source=chatgpt.com.
3. https://publicationethics.org/topic-discussions/artificial-intelligence-understanding-current-guidance-and-tools?utm_source=chatgpt.com