Rainfall, drought, and irrigation in relation to crop patterns in the volcanic topo sequence of Central Java, Indonesia

Sumani Sumani, Komariah Komariah, Suntoro Suntoro, Mujiyo Mujiyo, Hayat Ullah

Abstract

The uncertainty in precipitation patterns resulting from climate change may contribute to uncertainties in the growing seasons and productivity of rice and other agricultural commodities. This study aimed to examine the changes in precipitation and cropping patterns across various topographic sequences of volcanic regions in Central Java, Indonesia. Precipitation data from 33 rainfall stations across three topographic sequences (0-400 meters, 400-700 meters, and above 700 meters above sea level, categorized as high, mid, and lowlands, respectively) were analyzed to understand cropping patterns using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The findings revealed that farmers' actual cropping patterns were not primarily influenced by precipitation levels but rather by soil suitability. Moreover, the frequency of drought occurrences, as indicated by the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), did not significantly impact cropping patterns or crop yields. Instead, agricultural yields were found to be dependent on irrigation infrastructure rather than precipitation levels. This study sheds light on the importance of adaptation and mitigation strategies to address the adverse impacts of climate change on agricultural management across different topographic sequences.

Keywords

Central Java; Cropping pattern; Precipitation; Topo sequences; Volcano

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abasi-Obot, I. E., Johnson, E. H., & Umoette, A. T. (2018). Sizing and Evaluation of Basin Irrigation Solar Water Pump for Rice Farm in Abakiliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), 5(11). https://www.jmest.org/wp-content/uploads/JMESTN42352767.pdf

Anderson, R., Bayer, P. E., & Edwards, D. (2020). Climate change and the need for agricultural adaptation. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 56, 197-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2019.12.006

Apriyana, Y., Surmaini, E., Estiningtyas, W., Pramudia, A., Ramadhani, F., Suciantini, S., . . . Syahbuddin, H. (2021). The Integrated Cropping Calendar Information System: A Coping Mechanism to Climate Variability for Sustainable Agriculture in Indonesia. Sustainability, 13(11), 6495. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116495

Basuki, R. S., Khaririyatun, N., Kirana, R., Harmanto, & Thamrin, M. (2022). Farmers’ Preferences on the Quality of Indonesian Chili’s Varieties for Developing New Varieties. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 995(1), 012001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/995/1/012001

Batool, N., Shah, S. A., Dar, S. N., & Skinder, S. (2019). Rainfall variability and dynamics of cropping pattern in Kashmir Himalayas: a case study of climate change and agriculture. SN Applied Sciences, 1(6), 606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-0599-9

Boazar, M., Abdeshahi, A., & Yazdanpanah, M. (2020). Changing rice cropping patterns among farmers as a preventive policy to protect water resources. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 63(14), 2484-2500. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2020.1729705

Carvalho-Santos, C., Monteiro, A. T., Azevedo, J. C., Honrado, J. P., & Nunes, J. P. (2017). Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources and Reservoir Management: Uncertainty and Adaptation for a Mountain Catchment in Northeast Portugal. Water Resources Management, 31(11), 3355-3370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-017-1672-z

Chhapekar, S. S., Jaiswal, V., Ahmad, I., Gaur, R., & Ramchiary, N. (2018). Progress and Prospects in Capsicum Breeding for Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. In S. Vats (Ed.), Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants (pp. 279-322). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9029-5_11

Datta, A., Ullah, H., & Ferdous, Z. (2017). Water Management in Rice. In B. S. Chauhan, K. Jabran, & G. Mahajan (Eds.), Rice Production Worldwide (pp. 255-277). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47516-5_11

Djaenudin, D., Marwan, H., H., S., & Hidayat, A. (2011). Petunjuk Teknis Evaluasi Lahan Untuk Komoditas Pertanian. Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian.

Ejigu, Y. B., & Nigatu, H. M. (2022). Rainfall Prediction and Cropping Pattern Recommendation Using Artificial Neural Network. In M. L. Berihun, Advances of Science and Technology Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93709-6_34

Fahad, S., & Jing, W. (2018). Evaluation of Pakistani farmers’ willingness to pay for crop insurance using contingent valuation method: The case of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Land Use Policy, 72, 570-577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.12.024

Fahad, S., & Wang, J. (2020). Climate change, vulnerability, and its impacts in rural Pakistan: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(2), 1334-1338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06878-1

Fatikhunnada, A., Liyantono, Solahudin, M., Buono, A., Kato, T., & Seminar, K. B. (2020). Assessment of pre-treatment and classification methods for Java paddy field cropping pattern detection on MODIS images. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 17, 100281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2019.100281

Gramlich, A., Stoll, S., Stamm, C., Walter, T., & Prasuhn, V. (2018). Effects of artificial land drainage on hydrology, nutrient and pesticide fluxes from agricultural fields – A review. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 266, 84-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.04.005

Khaitov, B., Umurzokov, M., Cho, K.-M., Lee, Y.-J., Park, K. W., & Sung, J. (2019). Importance and production of chilli pepper; heat tolerance and efficient nutrient use under climate change conditions. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science, 46(4), 769-779. https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO201907963545993.pdf

Kogo, B. K., Kumar, L., & Koech, R. (2021). Climate change and variability in Kenya: a review of impacts on agriculture and food security. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(1), 23-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00589-1

Komariah, Senge, M., Sumani, Dewi, W. S., Yoshiyama, K., & Rachmadiyanto, A. N. (2015). The impacts of decreasing paddy field area on local climate in central java, Indonesia. Air, Soil and Water Research, 8, ASWR. S21560. https://doi.org/10.1177/ASWR.S21560

Kumar, R., Rawat, K., & Yadav, B. (2012). Vertical distribution of physico-chemical properties under different topo-sequence in soils of Jharkhand. Journal of Agricultural Physics, 12(1), 63-69. https://www.agrophysics.in/admin/adminjournalpdf/2018121415375328549094/journal-919063799.pdf

Kusumo, B. B., Pranoto, S. A., & Sriyana, I. (2019). Study of Intermittent-Irrigation Technique to Cropping Patterns and Water Availability at Pemali Kanan Irrigation Area in Brebes Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 328(1), 012011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/328/1/012011

Kyei-Mensah, C., Kyerematen, R., & Adu-Acheampong, S. (2019). Impact of Rainfall Variability on Crop Production within the Worobong Ecological Area of Fanteakwa District, Ghana. Advances in Agriculture, 2019(1), 7930127. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7930127

Labudová, L., Labuda, M., & Takáč, J. (2017). Comparison of SPI and SPEI applicability for drought impact assessment on crop production in the Danubian Lowland and the East Slovakian Lowland. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 128(1), 491-506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-016-1870-2

Loo, Y. Y., Billa, L., & Singh, A. (2015). Effect of climate change on seasonal monsoon in Asia and its impact on the variability of monsoon rainfall in Southeast Asia. Geoscience Frontiers, 6(6), 817-823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2014.02.009

McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J., & Kleist, J. (1993). The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Applied Climatology. https://www.droughtmanagement.info/literature/AMS_Relationship_Drought_Frequency_Duration_Time_Scales_1993.pdf

Montes, R., & Jose, J. J. S. (1995). Vegetation and soil analysis of topo-sequences in the Orinoco Llanos. Flora, 190(1), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-2530(17)30622-9

Musa, Y., & Farid, M. (2018). Advanced yield potential test on synthetic genotype of maize tolerant to drought and low nitrogen. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 157(1), 012016. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/157/1/012016

Nugroho, B. D. A., & Nuraini, L. (2016). Cropping Pattern Scenario based on Global Climate Indices and Rainfall in Banyumas District, Central Java, Indonesia. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 9, 54-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.124

Oldeman, L., & Frere, M. (1982). Technical Report on a Study of the Agroclimatology of the Humid Tropics of Southeast Asia. Food & Agriculture Org.

Pinto, M. A. B., Parfitt, J. M. B., Timm, L. C., Faria, L. C., Concenço, G., Stumpf, L., & Nörenberg, B. G. (2020). Sprinkler irrigation in lowland rice: Crop yield and its components as a function of water availability in different phenological phases. Field Crops Research, 248, 107714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107714

Pramudya, Y., & Onishi, T. (2018). Assessment of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in Tegal City, Central Java, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 129(1), 012019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/129/1/012019

Purnomo, J., & Rahmianna, A. A. (2020). Response of groundnut promising lines to various environments. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 456(1), 012053. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/456/1/012053

Sekaranom, A. B., Fianggoro, M., & Wicaksono, R. M. (2021). Spatial Analysis of Rainfall Return Period and Probable Maximum Precipitation over Central Java - Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 819(1), 012090. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/819/1/012090

Setimela, P. S., Magorokosho, C., Lunduka, R., Gasura, E., Makumbi, D., Tarekegne, A., . . . Mwangi, W. (2017). On-Farm Yield Gains with Stress-Tolerant Maize in Eastern and Southern Africa. Agronomy Journal, 109(2), 406-417. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2015.0540

Shaabani, M. K., Abedi-Koupai, J., Eslamian, S. S., & Gohari, S. A. R. (2024). Simulation of the effects of climate change, crop pattern change, and developing irrigation systems on the groundwater resources by SWAT, WEAP and MODFLOW models: a case study of Fars province, Iran. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26(4), 10485-10511. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03157-5

Song, E. Y., Moon, K. H., Son, I. C., Wi, S. H., Kim, C. H., Lim, C. K., & Oh, S. (2015). Impact of elevating temperature based on climate change scenarios on growth and fruit quality of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 17(3), 248-253. https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO201530856746400.page

Sutresna, I., Aryana, I., & Gunartha, I. (2018). Evaluation of superior maize genotypes on growth environment with improved cultivation technology. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) V0l, 11(6), 01-04. https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-javs/papers/Vol11-issue6/Version-1/A1106010104.pdf

Wang, E., Cresswell, H., Paydar, Z., & Gallant, J. (2008). Opportunities for manipulating catchment water balance by changing vegetation type on a topographic sequence: a simulation study. Hydrological Processes, 22(6), 736-749. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6655

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v22i1.87786

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.