ANALISIS PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL EMOSIONAL ANAK TAMAN KANAK-KANAK SELAMA MASA PANDEMI

Muthmainah Muthmainah

Abstract

Keterbatasan untuk berinteraksi dengan orang lain menjadi salah satu kendala bagi anak selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan sosial emosional anak Taman Kanak-kanak selama masa pandemi. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan studi literatur, dengan langkah-langkah pengumpulan sumber data, reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa perkembangan sosial emosional anak cenderung mengalami penurunan. Penyebabnya diantaranya kurangnya kesempatan anak bersosialisasi selama Belajar dari Rumah, kurangnya stimulasi dari orang tua, dan adanya physical distancing. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari belum optimalnya perkembangan sosial emosional anak perlu segera ditangani. Orang tua perlu mendorong anak untuk bersosialisasi dan guru perlu memiliki strategi jitu untuk mengembangkan kemampuan sosial emosional seiring dengan adanya pembelajaran luring 100%.

 

Limitations to interact with other people are one of the obstacles for children during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the socio-emotional development of kindergarten children during the pandemic. The data collection method used literature study, with the steps of collecting data sources, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The result of this research is that children's social emotional development tends to decrease. The reasons include the lack of opportunities for children to socialize during Learning from Home, lack of stimulation from parents, and physical distancing. The impact of not optimal social emotional development of children needs to be addressed immediately. Parents need to encourage children to socialize, and teachers need to have accurate strategies to develop emotional social skills along with 100% offline learning.


Keywords

sosial emosional, anak, pandemi atau emotional social, children, pandemic

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abdiana, I., & Mayar, F. (2021). Analisis pembelajaran daring terhadap perkembangan sosial mosional anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 5(3), 7747–7750. Retrieved from https://jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/view/2234 Abdulatif, S & Lestari, T. (2021). Pengaruh gadget terhadap perkembangan sosial anak di masa pandemi. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai. 5(1). 1490-1493. Amalinda, Virantika & Arisca. (2021). The Impact of lockdown on early childhood emotional development. Jurnal Indria. 6(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/jin.v6n1.2021.pp40-47. Antara, & Prima, E. (2020). Pembelajaran daring pengaruhi jwa anak, perlu antisipasi cepat. TEMPO.CO. Ashdown, D. M., & Bernard, M. E. (2012). Can explicit instruction in social and emotional learning skills benefit the social-emotional development, well-being, and academic achievement of young children? Early Childhood Education Journal, 39(6), 397–405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-011-0481. Bilfaqih, Y., & Qomarudin, M. N. (2015). Esensi penyusunan materi pembelajaran daring. Yogyakarta: Deepublis. Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (2006). The bioecological model of human development. In R. M. Lerner & W. Damon (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Theoretical models of human development. (pp. 793–828). John Wiley & Sons. Coe, E. dan K. Enomoto. (2020).“Mengembalikan ketahanan: Dampak covid-19 terhadapkesehatan ental dan penggunaan obat”, (McKinsey & Company, April 2020) Dayal, H. C., & Tiko, L. (2020). When are we going to have the real school? A case study of early childhood education and care teachers’ experiences surrounding education during the Covid-19 pandemic. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood. https://doi.org/10.1177/1836939120966085. Dewi, Ajeng Rahayu Tresna., Mayasarokh, Mira., & Gustiana, Eva. (2020). Perilaku Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Golden Age. 4(1), 181-190. Domitrovich, C. E., Durlak, J. A., Staley, K. C., & Weissberg, R. P. (2017). Social-emotional competence: An essential factor for promoting positive adjustment and reducing risk in school children. Child Development, 88(2), 408–416. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/cdev.12739. Drane, C., Vernon, L., & Shea, S. O. (2020). The Impact of ‘earning at home’ on the educational outcomes of vulnerable Children in Australia during the Covid-19 dpandemic. Literature Review Prepared by the National Centre for Student Equity in Higher Education. Curtin University, Australia. Egan S.M, Jennifer, P. Moloney M., Hoyne C., & Beatty, C. (2021). Missing Early Education and Care During the Pandemic: The Socio-Emotional Impact of The Covid-19 Crisis on Young Children. Erniwati, E., & Fitriani, W. (2020). Faktor-faktor penyebab orang tua melakukan kekerasan verbal pada anak usia dini. Yaa Bunayya: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia …, 4197. Ekyana, Fauziddin, & Arifiyanti. (2021). Parents’ perception: Early childhood social behaviour during physical distancing in the Covid-19 Pandemic. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPUD.152.04 Fadlilah, A. N. (2020). Strategi Menghidupkan Motivasi Belajar Anak Usia Dini Selama Pandemi Covid-19 melalui Publikasi. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 373. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.548. Fantuzzo, J., Coolahan, K., Mendez, J., McDermott, P., & Sutton- Smith, B. (1998). Contextually relevant validation of peer play constructs with African American Head Start children: Penn interactive peer play scale. Early Childhood Research Quar- terly, 13(3), 411–431. Hewi, L., & Asnawati, L. (2020). Strategi pendidik anak usia dini era covid-19 dalam menumbuhkan kemampuan berfikir logis. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Volume 5 Issue 1 (2021) Pages 158-167. Diakses pada 19 Mei 2020 dari https://obsesi.or.id/index.php/obsesi/article/view/530. Ho, J., & Funk, S. (2018). Preschool: Promoting young children’s social and emotional health. Young Children, 73(1), 73–79. Howard, J.L & McInnes, K. (2013). The impact of children's perception of an activity as play rather than not play on emotional well-being. Child Care Health and Development 39(5). https://doi.org.10.1111/j.1365-2214.2012.01405.x. Ismaniar & Utoyo. (2020). “Mirror of Effect” dalam perkembangan perilaku anak pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Diklus, 4(2). Ismi Fauziah, Ernita, Diah Rini Octavia, Muzliani Dwiyanti. (2020). Analisis gangguan psikososial dan emosional anak usia dini di RA nurul iman medan belawan selama pembelajaran berbasis daring. Jurnal Kumara Cendekia. 8(3). Kairupan, Rokot, Lestari, Rampengan, dan Kairun (2021), Behavioral and emotional changes in early childhood during the Covid-19 pandemic. E-Clinic. 9(2). 402-411. https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.9.2.2021.34014. Kemendikbud. (2020). Surat Edaran No 4, Tahun 2020, tentang Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Pendidikan dalam Masa Darurat Penyebaran Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19). Kostelnik, M. J., Soderman, A. K., Whiren, A. P., Rupiper, M. L., & Gregory, K. M. (2015). Guiding children’s social development and learning: Theory and skills. (8th ed.). Cengage. Kompas. (2020). Who umumkan virus corona sebagai pandemi global. Diakses pada tanggal 27 Maret 2021 dari https://amp.kompas.com/global/read/2020/03/12/001124570/who-umumkan-virus-corona-sebagai-pandemi-global. Kusuma, W.S & Sutapa, P. (2020). Dampak pembelajaran daring terhadap perilaku sosial emosional anak”. Jurnal Obsesi. 2: 1635–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.940 McDonald, L. C., Gerding, D. N., Johnson, S., Bakken, J. S., Carroll, K. C., Coffin, S. E., Dubberke, E. R., Garey, K. W., Gould, C. V., Kelly, C., Loo, V., Shaklee Sammons, J., Sandora, T. J., & Wilcox, M. H. (2018). Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). Clinical Infectious Diseases, 66(7), e1–e48. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix1085 Miles, M., & Huberman, M. (2005). No Qualitative Data Analysis. UI Press. Mukhlis, Akhmad., & Mbelo, Furkanawati Handani. (2019). Analisis perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini padapermainan tradisional. Jurnal Perkembangan dan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. 1(1), 11-28. Nahdi, K., Ramdhani, S., Yuliatin, R.R., Hadi, Y. A. (2020). Implementasi pembelajaran pada masa lockdown bagi lembaga paud di kabupaten lombok timur. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. 5(1), 177-186. Diakses pada 24 Maret 2022 dari https://obsesi.or.id/index.php/obsesi/article/view/529. Novsila, Y.V.D. (2021). Dampak pembelajaran daring pada perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini kelas B di TK Islam Bina Balita Wayhalim Bandar Lampung. Nurjannah. (2017). Mengembangkan kecerdasan sosial emosional anak usia dini melalui Kketeladanan. Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Dan Dakwah Islam. 14(1), 50-61. Radliya, Nizar Rabbi., Apriliya, Seni., & Zakiyyah, Tria Ramdhaniyah. (2017). Pengaruh Penggunaan Gawai Terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Paud Agapedia. 1(1). Rahma, R. A., Lestari, G. D., & Nugroho, R. (2018). The Social Emotional Development of Homeschooling Children. Journal of Nonformal Education, 4(2), 151–160. https://doi.org/10.15294/jne.v4i2.15975. Rasmitadila, Aliyyah, R.E Rachmadtullah R, Samsudin A, Syaodih E, Nurtanto M, & Tambunan, ARN. (2020). The Perceptions of Primary School Teachers of Online Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic Period: A Case Study in Indonesia. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies. 7(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/388. Rohyani, F. (2020). Menjawab problematika yang dihadapi anak usia ini di masa pandemi covid-19. Qawwam: Journal for gender mainstreaming. 14(1); 2540-9182. https://doi: 10.20414/Qawwam.v14i1.2310. Save the Children (2020). Protect a generation. The impact of COVID- 19 on children’s lives. Retrieved December 21, 2020, from https:// www.savethechildren.org.au/getmedia/c3cf8443-37bc-4420-b53b- de6800d4dbaa/ProtectAGeneration_1189391475.pdf.aspx. Sofyan, H. (2015). Perkembangan anak usia dini dan cara praktis peningkatannya. Jakarta: CV Infomedika. Suryana, D. (2018). Pendidikan anak usia dini stimulasi dan aspek perkembangan anak. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group. UNICEF (2020). Early childhoodevelopment and Covid-19. Retrieved from https://data.unicef.org/topic/early-childhood-devel opment/covid-19// Wahyuningsih, N. Hafidah, R, & Pudyaningstyas A.R. (2020). Metode Hypnoteaching untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengelola emosi pada anak usia 5-6 tahun. Jurnal Kumara Cendekia. 8(1). Wardani, A., & Ayriza, Y. (2020). Analisis kendala orang tua dalam mendampingi anak belajar di rumah Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 772. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.705 Wiguna, R., Sutisnawati, A., & Lyesmaya, D. (2020). Analisis proses pembelajaran siswa berbasis di kelas rendah pada masa pandemic covid-19. Jurnal Perseda, III(2), 75–79. Wijaya R.P.C, Bunga B,N, & Kiling I.Y. (2021). Socio-emotional struggles of young children during COVID-19 pandemic: Social isolation and increased use of technologies. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476718X211052789. Wulandari, H., & Purwanta, E. (2020). Pencapaian perkembangan nak usia dini di taman kanak-kanak selama pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 452. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.626. World Health Organization. WHO COVID-19 Dashboard [Internet]. World Health Organization. Geneva; 2020 [cited 2021 April]. Available from: https://covid19. who.int/ World Health Organization. Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak. World Health Organ. 2020;(January):1–6 [cited 2021 April]. Available from: https://www. who.int/docs/default-source/corona viruse/mental-health-considerations.pdf.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.