KEDELAI MENINGKATKAN DAYA DUKUNG FONDASI TELAPAK LINGKARAN

Zaizafun Zakiya, Agata Iwan Candra, Mahardi Kamalika Khusna Ali

Abstract

Tanah pasir lepas memiliki daya dukung rendah akibat porositas tinggi dan ikatan antarbutir yang lemah. Kondisi ini menjadi tantangan signifikan dalam perencanaan konstruksi fondasi dangkal, karena berisiko menyebabkan penurunan berlebih dan ketidakstabilan struktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas metode Enzyme-Induced Carbonate Precipitation (EICP) berbasis ekstrak kedelai dalam meningkatkan kapasitas daya dukung tanah tersebut. Perlakuan dilakukan satu kali dengan menyuntikkan 9 liter larutan EICP ke dalam media pasir menggunakan metode two-phase. Rasio larutan urease (dari ekstraksi bubuk kedelai) dan sementasi (1 mol/L urea dan 1 mol/L CaCl₂) adalah 1:1, dengan konsentrasi total 22,24% terhadap berat kering pasir. Pengujian meliputi uji beban statik aksial (ASTM D1194) dan uji geser langsung (ASTM D3080). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas daya dukung ultimit meningkat sebesar 272,7% (uji aksial) dan 368,2% (perhitungan). Peningkatan sifat tanah juga terlihat dari nilai kohesi hingga 13,78 kPa, sudut geser dalam mencapai 57,16°, dan berat volume tanah naik dari 13,48 menjadi 18,00 kN/m³. Uji ANOVA (F(1,114) = 239,97; p < 0,001) mengonfirmasi pengaruh perlakuan yang signifikan secara statistik. Disimpulkan bahwa metode EICP berbasis kedelai efektif dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik dan mekanik tanah pasir lepas, serta meningkatkan daya dukung fondasi telapak lingkaran secara signifikan.

Keywords

EICP; pasir lepas; urease kedelai; daya dukung pondasi; stabilisasi tanah.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jrrs.v9i2.105478

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