The Application of Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus) Extract Ointment Reducing IL-6 and MMP-1 Production in Photodamaged Rat's Skin

Desiani Putri Ramayanti, Agung Putra, Titiek Sumarawati

Abstract

Tapak dara Catharanthus roseus (L.) Don extract possesses promising properties that could counteract the detrimental effects of UV-B exposure. Its inherent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities suggest its potential as a therapeutic agent for managing UV-B-induced skin damage. This study aims to analysis the effect of tapak dara extract ointment on IL-6 and MMP-1 levels in photodamaged skin. Twenty-five healthy male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a healthy control group (n = 5) and a UVB-exposed group (n = 20). The UVB-exposed rats received 1 MED for 8 minutes per day, for 10 sessions over 14 days. Skin tissue was taken on day 15 to observe skin damage and validate collagen loss using the immunohistochemical method. After validation, photodamaged skin rats were divided equally into four experimental groups, namely rats treated with placebo (P2), vitamin E (P3), tapak dara extract 10% (P4) and 20% (P5). The rats were sacrificed at the end of the study, and the skin tissues were analyzed for IL-6 and MMP-1 using ELISA. Based on the analysis results, groups P4 and P5 produced average levels of IL-6 and MMP-1, significantly lower than P2 (p < 0.050). IL-6 and MMP-1 levels in group P5 reached 188.60 ± 40.60 pg/mL and 1,611 ± 344 pg/mL, respectively. This is likely due to the secondary metabolite content of tapak dara, which acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, so it has the potential to be developed as a photodamaged skin therapy. As many as 20% tapak dara extract cream effectively reduces IL-6 and MMP-1 levels in UV-B-exposed skin tissue. However, this study did not evaluate changes in skin tissue after tapak dara extract treatment. Therefore, further research must be developed to analyze and validate collagen synthesis after tapak dara extract treatment.

Keywords

Collagen loss; IL-6; MMP-1; Tapak dara; UV-B

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jpscr.v11i1.92970

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