Institutional Challenges in the Implementation of Electronic Certificates in Land Services
Abstract
The Indonesia land administration system is presently undergoing a digitalization process, a highly significant development towards having a more transparent and accountable administration. However, the use of digital land certificates has still been facing a number of legal and institutional problems, making them rather ineffective to use. The objective of this research is to investigate the institutional problems involved in the creation of digital land certificates within the Indonesia land administration system. Using a qualitiative methodology with a focus on empirical legal studies, the research combines legal framework analysis and data collection procedures carried out through personal interviews, observation, and documentation, all done within the ATR/BPN Office, located within the Boyolali Regency. Data analysis involved a three-stage process: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing a conclusion, according to qualitiative analysis principles. The research focuses on the relationship between legal frameworks such as Law Number 5 of 1960 regarding the Principle of Agrarian Law and Government Regulation of the Minister of ATR/BPN Number 3 of 2023, and digital land registration process within Indonesia's land administration system. The results showed a significant problem with the process of digitalization, including a lack of infrastructure, a discrepancy in the capacity among personnel, lack of cooperation, and lack of public trust. The findings showed that the successful digitalization process within Indonesia's land administration system can only be accomplished by making the process legal and institutionally ready for such a digitalization process to occur effectively within Indonesia's land administration system.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adhim, M. R. F., & Suherman, E. (2024). Analisis Kompetensi Karyawan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Era Digital. OPTIMAL Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 4(3), 95–108. https://doi.org/10.55606/optimal.v4i3.3915
Adnyana, P. A. S., & Wijaya, I. K. A. (2025). Digital Transformation of Electronic Land Certificates : Solutions and Challenges in Indonesia’s Modern Land Registration System. Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan Dan Sosial Humaniora, 2(5), 163–177. https://doi.org/10.62383/aliansi.v2i5.1209
Agunbiade, M. E., Rajabifard, A., & Bennett, R. (2014). Land administration for housing production: analysis of need for interagency integration. Survey Review, 46(334), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.1179/1752270613Y.0000000062
Anggraini, P. D. A., Aurora, A. D., Niravita, A., Fikri, M. A. H., & Nugroho, H. (2024). Electronic Certificates in Indonesia: Enhancing Legal Certainty or Introducing New Challenges? Arkus, 11(1), 686–698. https://doi.org/10.37275/arkus.v11i1.659
Anjanah G J, & Subhashini S. (2024). Transformation of Land Records: The 21st Century Digital Era. International Journal of Current Research and Techniques, 14(4), 50265–50273. https://doi.org/10.61359/2024050031
Boero, R. (2015). Economic Impacts of Lack of Coordination in the Governance of Public Policies. In Agent-based Models of the Economy (pp. 161–183). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137339812_10
Chidubem Azie, E., Egolum, C. C., & Emoh, F. I. (2024). Issues in the Adoption of Land Administration Domain Model in a Developing Country. Journal of Economics, Finance And Management Studies, 07(07). https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i7-03
Chowdhury, J. R. (2025). The Digital Land Law System in Bangladesh: Bridging the Gaps for a Transparent and Efficient Future. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 7(5). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.55502
Erfa, R. (2021). Digitalisasi Administrasi Pertanahan Untuk Mewujudkan Percepatan Pembangunan Nasional Perspektif Kebijakan Hukum (Legal Policy). Jurnal Pertanahan, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.53686/jp.v10i1.31
Firmansyah, S. H., Prasetyoningsih, N., & Romadhan, M. L. T. (2024). Implementation Of The Principle Of Public Participation In Arrangement Of Street Traders. Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi Dan Kajian Hukum, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.31941/pj.v22i2.2672
Harefa, Y., Waruwu, E., Waruwu, M. H., & Waruwu, S. (2024). Transformasi Kompetensi Pegawai dalam Penerapan Teknologi Terhadap Peningkatan Pelayanan Publik di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Gunungsitoli. Tuhenori: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 2(3), 156–172. https://doi.org/10.62138/tuhenori.v2i3.78
Hersperger, A. M., Thurnheer-Wittenwiler, C., Tobias, S., Folvig, S., & Fertner, C. (2022). Digitalization in land-use planning: effects of digital plan data on efficiency, transparency and innovation. European Planning Studies, 30(12), 2537–2553. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2021.2016640
Inayah, A. R., & Priyono, E. A. (2025). The Principle of Legal Certainty in Electronic Contracts: Challenges of Evidence and Law Enforcement in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 08(07). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v8-i7-83
Japar, M., Riyanto, S., Fahruddin, M., & Hermanto. (2024). Analisis Kesiapan Masyarakat Dalam Pelaksanaan Program Sertifikasi Tanah Secara Elektronik: Suatu Tinjauan Sosiologi Hukum. Rechtsregel : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 7(1), 81–90. https://doi.org/10.32493/rjih.v7i1.43502
Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional Republik Indonesia. (2021). Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 1 Tahun 2021 tentang Sertipikat Elektronik. Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2021 Nomor 22.
Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional Republik Indonesia. (2023). Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 3 Tahun 2023 tentang Penerbitan Sertipikat Elektronik. Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2023 Nomor 276.
Khasanah, D. D. (2021). Analisis Yuridis Kekuatan Hukum Sertipikat Tanah Elektronik Dalam Pembuktian Hukum Acara Perdata. Widya Bhumi, 1(1), 13–24. https://doi.org/10.31292/wb.v1i1.5
Kumurur, V., Rosyani, & Ratnaningsih, M. (2008). Penerapan E-Government Mendorong Terwujudnya Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Yang Baik Di Indonesia (Tanggapan terhadap Instruksi Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 3 Tahun 2003). Jurnal EKOTON, 8(2), 53–72.
Kusmiarto, K., Aditya, T., Djurdjani, D., & Subaryono, S. (2021). Digital Transformation of Land Services in Indonesia: A Readiness Assessment. Land, 10(2), 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10020120
Ma, R. (2025). The Gap between Law and Its Expected Social Effects: Reasons and Countermeasures. Transactions on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 14, 238–243. https://doi.org/10.62051/q12fec08
Mu’min, A., Chaniago, M. R., & Suartini. (2025). Digitalization of Civil Transactions and Its Implications for Legal Certainty in the Era of Society 5.0. Edusight International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.69726/eijoms.v2i2.144
Mujiburohman, D. A. (2021). Transformasi Dari Kertas Ke Elektronik: Telaah Yuridis Dan Teknis Sertipikat Tanah Elektronik. BHUMI: Jurnal Agraria Dan Pertanahan, 7(5), 5. https://doi.org/10.31292/bhumi.v7i1.472
Nubatonis, S. E., Rusmiwari, S., & Suwasono, S. (2014). Implementasi Good Governance Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Organisasi Pelayanan Publik. JISIP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 2(2), 114–127. http://www.samarinda.lan.go.id/jba/index.php/jba/article/view/45%0Ahttp://www.samarinda.lan.go.id/jba/index.php/jba/article/download/45/56
Peters, B. G. (2021). Public Policies: Coordination, Integration, Coherence, and Collaboration. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.164
Priadnyani, N. L. P., Dewi, A. . S. L., & Suryani, L. P. (2022). Pendaftaran Hak Tanggungan Pada Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN) Kota Denpasar Berbasis Elektronik. Jurnal Preferensi Hukum, 3(3), 585–591. https://doi.org/10.55637/jph.3.3.5580.585-591
Rahim, S. N., Husni, L., & Arba, A. (2024). Legal Implications of the Use of Digitalization of Online Land Registration. Path of Science, 10(5), 2011–2018. https://doi.org/10.22178/pos.104-12
Republik Indonesia. (1960). Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria (UUPA). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1960 Nomor 104.
Republik Indonesia. (2003). Instruksi Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 3 Tahun 2003 tentang Kebijakan dan Strategi Nasional Pengembangan E-Government. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2003.
Republik Indonesia. (2008). Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (ITE). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2008 Nomor 58.
Richard. (2025). Application of Electronic Land Certificates in Indonesian Digital Legal Perspective. Journal of Ecohumanism, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v4i1.5693
Syarafina, J., & Susilowardani, S. (2025). Pelaksanaan Pembuatan Sertifikat Elektronik di Kantor Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kabupaten Karanganyar. Juris Delict Journal, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.52429/tgf18f92
Yulia, A., & Anam, S. (2025). Penguatan Kapasitas Hukum Masyarakat dalam Menghadapi Transformasi Sertifikat Tanah Elektronik di Kabupaten Sumedang: Edukasi dan Pendampingan. PROGRESIF: Jurnal Pengabdian Komunitas Pendidikan, 5(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.36406/progresif.v5i1.68
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/hpe.v13i2.110019
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gustiaji Gustiaji, I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi Handayani, Rahayu Subekti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan Ekonomi Online ISSN : 2777-0818
|
