Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Terhadap Kadar SGPT Tikus Wistar Induksi Parasetamol

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Umbi bawang dayak mengandung antioksidan seperti flavonoid, saponin, isoeleutherol, proantosianidin, dan naftoquinon. Antioksidan berperan penting dalam pengobatan berbagai macam penyakit seperti diabetes, atherosklerosis dan kerusakan hepar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) terhadap kadar SGPT tikus wistar induksi parasetamol dosis toksik.

Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorik dengan posttest only control group design. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah 25 ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) galur wistar jantan, berumur ±2 bulan dengan berat ± 200 gram. Subjek dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol negatif (KK₁) diberi CMC 0,5%. Kelompok kontrol positif (KK₂) diberi parasetamol dosis toksik. Kelompok perlakuan I (KP₁), II (KP₂), dan III (KP₃) diberi ekstrak umbi bawang dayak dengan dosis 6 mg/200gr BB, 12 mg/200gr BB, dan 18 mg/200gr BB.  Ekstrak umbi bawang dayak diberikan selama 13 hari berturut-turut, sedangkan parasetamol diberikan pada hari ke-11, 12 dan 13. Hari ke-14 dilakukan pengukuran kadar SGPT dengan cara pengambilan darah tikus putih melalui plexus vena orbita. Hasil yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji one way ANOVA dan Post Hoc.

Hasil: Hasil rerata kadar SGPT pada kelompok kontrol negatif sebesar 53,18±2,61 U/I, kelompok kontrol positif sebesar 367,161±59,84 U/I, kelompok perlakuan I sebesar 126,08±18,68 U/I, kelompok perlakuan II sebesar 114,78±14,69 U/I, dan kelompok perlakuan III sebesar 95,08±9,95 U/I. Hasil uji one way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antar 5 kelompok dengan nilai p=0,000. Selanjutnya, uji Post Hoc menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara KK₁-KK₂ (p=0,000), KK₁-KP₁(p=0,000), KK₁-KP₂(p=0,000), KK₁-KP₃(p=0,000), KK₂-KP₁ (p=0,000), KK₂-KP₂ (p=0,000), KK₂-KP₃ (p=0,000) sedangkan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna antar KP₁-KP₂ (p=0,697), KP₁-KP₃ (p=0,144) dan KP₂-KP₃ (p=0,274).

Kesimpulan: Pemberian ekstrak umbi bawang dayak secara statistik signifikan untuk mencegah kenaikan kadar SGPT tikus putih yang dipapar parasetamol. Tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh pemberian ekstrak umbi bawang dayak yang secara statistik signifikan antara dosis 6 mg/200gr BB, 12 mg/200gr BB, dan 18 mg/200gr BB.

Kata kunci: ekstrak umbi bawang dayak; SGPT; Rattus norvegicus; parasetamol.

 ABSTRACT

Introduction: Bawang dayak bulbs are a kind of plants containing antioxidant such as flavonoid, saponin, isoeleutherol, proantosianidin, and naftoquinon. Antioxidant has an important role in a treatment of various diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis and liver damage. This research aimed to find out the effect of bawang dayak bulbs extract to reduce SGPT levels of wistar rat inducted by toxic dose of paracetamol.

Methods: This research was a laboratory experimental method with the posttest only control group design. The subject of research was 25 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar type, age ±2 months, weight ± 200 grams. The white rats were divided into 5 groups. Negative control group (KK1) was given CMC 0,5%. Positive control group (KK2) was given toxic dose of paracetamol. The treated group I (KP1), II (KP2), and III (KP3) was given bawang dayak bulbs extract at 6 mg/200gr BW, 12 mg/200gr BW, and 18 mg/200gr BW. Bawang dayak bulbs extract has given for 13 days, while paracetamol was given on the 11th day, 12th, 13th. On the 14th day, rat’s blood was taken from orbitalis plexus vena to measure SGPT level. The result was analyzed with one way ANOVA continued with Post Hoc test.

Results: The rate of SGPT level of negative control group was 53,18±2,61 U/I, on the positive control group was 367,161±59,84 U/I, on treated group I was 126,08±18,68 U/I, on the treated group II was 114,78±14,69 U/I, and on the treated group III was 95,08±9,95 U/I. The result of one way ANOVA test showed the significant different among the four groups with p=0,000. The result of Post Hoc test showed that there was a significant difference between KK1-KK2 (p=0,000), KK1-KP1(p=0,000), KK1-KP2(p=0,000), KK1-KP3(p=0,000), KK2-KP1 (p=0,000), KK2-KP2 (p=0,000), KK2-KP3 (p=0,000), meanwhile there was no significant difference between KP1-KP2 (p=0,697), KP1-KP3 (p=0,144) dan KP2-KP3 (p=0,274).

Conclusion: Bawang dayak bulbs extract given to the subject has significantly to avoid of increasing SGPT level of white rats induced by paracetamol. There is no significant difference between doses of 6 mg/200gr BW, 12 mg/200gr BW, and 18 mg/200gr BW dose.

Keywords: bawang dayak bulbs extract; SGPT; Rattus norvegicus; paracetamol