SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF NO₂, SO₂, AND CO DISTRIBUTION AFFECTING AIR QUALITY IN GREATER JAKARTA

Robet Triarjunet, Syefiara Hania Yumnaristya, Arif Rohman, Andri N.R Mardiah

Abstract

According to the WHO, nearly the entire global population, at approximately 97%, is exposed to air contaminated with pollutants exceeding the WHO guideline threshold. Air pollution results from the coalescence of pollutants with atmospheric air and has become a global challenge, primarily impacting the most significant urban areas worldwide. The Greater Jakarta, or Jabodetabek, is the world's second-largest metropolitan region, with a population of around 34.6 million distributed across 14 municipalities and cities. The high-intensity human activities in Greater Jakarta have severely deteriorated the air quality. This study employs a holistic approach, utilising spatiotemporal analysis and quantitative-descriptive methods to investigate the atmospheric concentrations of CO, NO₂, and SO₂ in Greater Jakarta and its surrounding areas. The spatial distribution patterns of pollutants and their driving factors, including stationary and climatic factors, are investigated during July-December 2023. Results indicated that CO, NO₂, and SO₂ concentrations are significantly above the thresholds defined by the WHO, particularly during the dry season. It is found that the combination of stationary sources, including coal-fired power plants and industrial areas, along with climatic factors, significantly affects pollutant dispersion. These findings underscore the urgent need for stricter emission controls in coal-fired power plants and industrial areas to mitigate the effects of air pollution on public health.

Keywords

pollution; jabodetabek; climate aspect

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/ge.v12i1.95799

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