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Post a Comment Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Usia Menarche pada Anak SMPK 1 Surakarta
Abstract
Pendahuluan: Menarche adalah kejadian peristiwa menstruasi yang pertama kali pada remaja wanita. Seiring berkembangnya zaman, usia menarche pada perempuan mengalami tren penurunan atau semakin dini termasuk di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi usia menarche seseorang adalah aktivitas fisik. Penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan usia menarche terkhususnya pada anak SMPK 1 Surakarta.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswi SMPK 1 Surakarta, sebanyak 133 orang. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan uji chi-square.
Hasil: Sebanyak 124 orang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi penelitian. Aktivitas fisik (p=0,124) dan sosial ekonomi (p=0,476) memiliki hubungan yang tidak signifikan dengan usia menarche pada anak SMPK 1 Surakarta, tetapi indeks massa tubuh (p=0,030) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan. Anak yang tidak aktif dalam beraktivitas fisik memiliki risiko sebesar 2,526 untuk mengalami usia menarche lebih dari sama dengan 12 tahun (OR=2,526).
Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan usia menarche pada anak SMPK 1 Surakarta.
Kata Kunci: usia menarche, aktivitas fisik, sosial ekonomi, indeks massa tubuh, anak.
References
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2. Batubara JR, Soesanti F, dan van de Waal HD. Age at menarche in Indonesian girls: a national survey. Acta Med Indones. 2010;42(2): 78-81.
3. Papadimitriou A. The evolution of the age at menarche from prehistorical to modern times. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. 2016;29(6): 527-530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2015.12.002
4. Hermanussen M, Lehmann A, dan Scheffler C. Psychosocial pressure and menarche: a review of historic evidence for social amenorrhea. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey. 2012; 67(4): 237–241. https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0b013e31824c94ad
5. Sohn K. The trend in age at menarche in Indonesia: birth cohorts 1944–1988. Journal of Biosocial Science. 2015; 47(3): 407–412. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932014000315
6. Sudikno dan Sandjaja. Evidence of downward secular trend in age at menarche among Indonesian women: secondary data analisis of riskesdas 2010. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi. 2019; 10(2): 163-171.
7. Karapanou O dan Papadimitriou A. Determinants of menarche. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2010; 8(1): 115.
8. World Health Organization. Physical activity. 2020 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity - Diakses pada 16 Maret 2021
9. Ajita A dan Jiwanjot J. Overweight and physical activity as a measure of age at menarche in females. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2014; 2 (1): 32-34. doi: 10.12691/ajssm-2-1-6
10. Maidartati. Hubungan konsumsi makanan fast food dan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian menarche pada anak (9-12 tahun) di sekolah dasar Banjarsari II Bandung. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan. 2010; 1(1): 8-13.
11. Cordova A, Villa G, Sureda A, Rodriguez-Marroyo JA, Martínez-Castañeda R, dan Sánchez-Collado MP. Energy consumption, body composition and physical activity levels in 11- to 13-year-old Spanish children. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism. 2013; 63(3): 223–228.
12. Ayele E dan Berhan Y. Age at menarche among in-school adolescents in Sawla Town, South Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences. 2013; 23(3): 189–200. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v23i3.1
13. Wulandari S dan Ungsianik T. Status gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan usia menarche remaja putri. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia. 2013; 16(1): 55-59.
14. Walvoord EC. The timing of puberty: is it changing? does it matter?. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2010; 47(5): 433-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.05.018.
15. Leung AW, Mak J, Cheung PS, dan Epstein RJ. Evidence for a programming effect of early menarche on the rise of breast cancer incidence in Hong Kong. Cancer Detection and Prevention. 2008; 32(2): 156–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdp.2008.05.004
16. Dreyfus JG, Lutsey PL, Huxley R, Pankow JS, Selvin E, Fernández-Rhodes L, et al. Age at menarche and risk of type 2 diabetes among African-American and white women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. 2012; Diabetologia, 55(9): 2371–2380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-012-2616-z
17. Feng Y, Hong X, Wilker E, Li Z, Zhang W, Jin D, et al. Effects of age at menarche, reproductive years, and menopause on metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis. 2008; 196(2): 590–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.06.016
18. Guo X dan Ji C. Earlier menarche can be an indicator of more body fat: study of sexual development and waist circumference in Chinese girls. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. 2011; 24(5): 451–458. https://doi.org/10.3967/0895-3988.2011.05.001
19. Lien L, Dalgard F, Heyerdahl S, Thoresen M, dan Bjertness E. The relationship between age of menarche and mental distress in Norwegian adolescent girls and girls from different immigrant groups in Norway: results from an urban city cross-sectional survey. Social Science & Medicine. 2006; 63(2):285–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.01.003
20. Zalni RI, Harahap H, dan Desfita S. Usia menarche berhubungan dengan status gizi, konsumsi makanan dan aktivitas fisik. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi. 2017; 8(2): 153-161.
21. Moelyo A, Wulandari A, Imas O, Rahma U, Hidayah N, Kesumaningtyas C, et al. Age at menarche and early menarche among healthy adolescents. Paediatr Indones. 2019; 59(1): 33-37.
22. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Menstruation in girls and adolescents: Using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign. Obstet Gynecol. 2015; 126: e143–6.
23. Lacroix A, Gondal H, dan Langaker M. Physiology, Menarche. StatPearls Publishing. 2020.
24. Dewi AK dan Febrian AS. Hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan umur menarche. Tarumanagara Medical Journal. 2018; 1(1): 14-20.
25. Roupas ND dan Georgopoulos NA. Menstrual function in sports. Hormones. 2011; 10(2):104-116
26. Afkhamzadeh A, Rahmani K, Habibi A, dan Faraji O. Menarche age and its association to body mass index and socioeconomic status among school girls in Sanandaj in north-west of Iran. Shiraz E-Med J. 2019; 20(2):e69802. doi: 10.5812/semj.69802.
27. Tehrani FR, Mirmiran P, Gholami R, Moslehi N, dan Azizi F. Factors influencing menarcheal age: results from the cohort of tehran lipid and glucose study. International journal of endocrinology and metabolism. 2014; 12(3), e16130. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.16130
28. Wulandari T, Deliana M, Sofyani S, dan Lubis SM. Relationship between age at menarche and exposure to sexual content in audio-visual media and other factors in Islamic junior high school girls. Peditr Indones. 2017; 57(6):323-328
29. Laili U dan Malitasari F. Hubungan antara status gizi dan status ekonomi dengan kejadian menarche. Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan. 2016; 3(1): 28-31
30. Lusiana N. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan usia menarche siswi SMP PGRI Pekanbaru. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas. 2012; 2(1): 40-44.
31. Soliman A, De Sanctis V, dan Elalaily R. Nutrition and pubertal development. Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism, 2014; 18 (1) :39–47. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.145073
32. Sherwood L. Fisiologi Manusia: Dari Sel ke Sistem Edisi 8. Jakarta: EGC; 2014.
1. Yermachenko A, Dvornyk V. Nongenetic determinants of age at menarche: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:371583. doi:10.1155/2014/371583
2. Batubara JR, Soesanti F, dan van de Waal HD. Age at menarche in Indonesian girls: a national survey. Acta Med Indones. 2010;42(2): 78-81.
3. Papadimitriou A. The evolution of the age at menarche from prehistorical to modern times. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. 2016;29(6): 527-530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2015.12.002
4. Hermanussen M, Lehmann A, dan Scheffler C. Psychosocial pressure and menarche: a review of historic evidence for social amenorrhea. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey. 2012; 67(4): 237–241. https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0b013e31824c94ad
5. Sohn K. The trend in age at menarche in Indonesia: birth cohorts 1944–1988. Journal of Biosocial Science. 2015; 47(3): 407–412. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932014000315
6. Sudikno dan Sandjaja. Evidence of downward secular trend in age at menarche among Indonesian women: secondary data analisis of riskesdas 2010. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi. 2019; 10(2): 163-171.
7. Karapanou O dan Papadimitriou A. Determinants of menarche. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2010; 8(1): 115.
8. World Health Organization. Physical activity. 2020 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity - Diakses pada 16 Maret 2021
9. Ajita A dan Jiwanjot J. Overweight and physical activity as a measure of age at menarche in females. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2014; 2 (1): 32-34. doi: 10.12691/ajssm-2-1-6
10. Maidartati. Hubungan konsumsi makanan fast food dan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian menarche pada anak (9-12 tahun) di sekolah dasar Banjarsari II Bandung. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan. 2010; 1(1): 8-13.
11. Cordova A, Villa G, Sureda A, Rodriguez-Marroyo JA, Martínez-Castañeda R, dan Sánchez-Collado MP. Energy consumption, body composition and physical activity levels in 11- to 13-year-old Spanish children. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism. 2013; 63(3): 223–228.
12. Ayele E dan Berhan Y. Age at menarche among in-school adolescents in Sawla Town, South Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences. 2013; 23(3): 189–200. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v23i3.1
13. Wulandari S dan Ungsianik T. Status gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan usia menarche remaja putri. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia. 2013; 16(1): 55-59.
14. Walvoord EC. The timing of puberty: is it changing? does it matter?. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2010; 47(5): 433-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.05.018.
15. Leung AW, Mak J, Cheung PS, dan Epstein RJ. Evidence for a programming effect of early menarche on the rise of breast cancer incidence in Hong Kong. Cancer Detection and Prevention. 2008; 32(2): 156–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdp.2008.05.004
16. Dreyfus JG, Lutsey PL, Huxley R, Pankow JS, Selvin E, Fernández-Rhodes L, et al. Age at menarche and risk of type 2 diabetes among African-American and white women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. 2012; Diabetologia, 55(9): 2371–2380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-012-2616-z
17. Feng Y, Hong X, Wilker E, Li Z, Zhang W, Jin D, et al. Effects of age at menarche, reproductive years, and menopause on metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis. 2008; 196(2): 590–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.06.016
18. Guo X dan Ji C. Earlier menarche can be an indicator of more body fat: study of sexual development and waist circumference in Chinese girls. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. 2011; 24(5): 451–458. https://doi.org/10.3967/0895-3988.2011.05.001
19. Lien L, Dalgard F, Heyerdahl S, Thoresen M, dan Bjertness E. The relationship between age of menarche and mental distress in Norwegian adolescent girls and girls from different immigrant groups in Norway: results from an urban city cross-sectional survey. Social Science & Medicine. 2006; 63(2):285–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.01.003
20. Zalni RI, Harahap H, dan Desfita S. Usia menarche berhubungan dengan status gizi, konsumsi makanan dan aktivitas fisik. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi. 2017; 8(2): 153-161.
21. Moelyo A, Wulandari A, Imas O, Rahma U, Hidayah N, Kesumaningtyas C, et al. Age at menarche and early menarche among healthy adolescents. Paediatr Indones. 2019; 59(1): 33-37.
22. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Menstruation in girls and adolescents: Using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign. Obstet Gynecol. 2015; 126: e143–6.
23. Lacroix A, Gondal H, dan Langaker M. Physiology, Menarche. StatPearls Publishing. 2020.
24. Dewi AK dan Febrian AS. Hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan umur menarche. Tarumanagara Medical Journal. 2018; 1(1): 14-20.
25. Roupas ND dan Georgopoulos NA. Menstrual function in sports. Hormones. 2011; 10(2):104-116
26. Afkhamzadeh A, Rahmani K, Habibi A, dan Faraji O. Menarche age and its association to body mass index and socioeconomic status among school girls in Sanandaj in north-west of Iran. Shiraz E-Med J. 2019; 20(2):e69802. doi: 10.5812/semj.69802.
27. Tehrani FR, Mirmiran P, Gholami R, Moslehi N, dan Azizi F. Factors influencing menarcheal age: results from the cohort of tehran lipid and glucose study. International journal of endocrinology and metabolism. 2014; 12(3), e16130. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.16130
28. Wulandari T, Deliana M, Sofyani S, dan Lubis SM. Relationship between age at menarche and exposure to sexual content in audio-visual media and other factors in Islamic junior high school girls. Peditr Indones. 2017; 57(6):323-328
29. Laili U dan Malitasari F. Hubungan antara status gizi dan status ekonomi dengan kejadian menarche. Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan. 2016; 3(1): 28-31
30. Lusiana N. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan usia menarche siswi SMP PGRI Pekanbaru. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas. 2012; 2(1): 40-44.
31. Soliman A, De Sanctis V, dan Elalaily R. Nutrition and pubertal development. Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism, 2014; 18 (1) :39–47. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.145073
32. Sherwood L. Fisiologi Manusia: Dari Sel ke Sistem Edisi 8. Jakarta: EGC; 2014.
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