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Evaluasi Kesesuaian Antibiotik berdasarkan Metode Gyssens pada Peresepan Pasien Covid-19 disertai Koinfeksi Pneumonia di Rumah Sakit “X” Kota Denpasar
Abstract
Koinfeksi bakteri penyebab pneumonia pada individu dengan Covid-19 berpotensi memperburuk kondisi klinis serta meningkatkan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas apabila tidak memperoleh penanganan yang adekuat.Terapi antibiotik yang diberikan harus sesuai dengan derajat keparahan pneumonia yang diukur dengan skor Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI). Ketidaktepatan terapi antibiotik dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya resistensi. Oleh karena itu, evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik sangat penting dilakukan untuk meminimalkan risiko ketidaktepatan terapi yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Namun, penelitian mengenai evaluasi kesesuaian antibiotik pada peresepan pasien Covid-19 disertai koinfeksi pneumonia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaianantibiotik pada peresepan pasien Covid-19 disertai koinfeksi pneumonia di Rumah Sakit “X” Kota Denpasar. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari rekam medis pasien kemudian dievaluasi secara kualitatif menggunakan metode gyssens, secara kuantitatif dengan Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD), serta hubungan kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik dengan perbaikan derajat keparahan dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Fisher. Evaluasi kesesuaian antibiotik secara kualitatif menunjukkan sebesar 87% termasuk kategori IVA (ada alternatif antibiotik yang lebih efektif), 3% kategori IIIA (penggunaan antibiotik terlalu lama), dan 10% kategori 0 (penggunaan antibiotik tepat). Hasil evaluasi secara kuantitatif menunjukkan nilai PDD yaitu cefepime (6 gram/hari); cefotaxime (4,2 gram/hari); cefuroxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone + sulbactam (3 gram/hari); cefoperazone (2,67 gram/hari); ceftriaxone (1 gram/hari); levofloxacin (0,75 gram/hari), azithromycin (0,5 gram/hari), dan moxifloxacin (0,4 gram/hari).Kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik tidak memiliki hubungan terhadap perbaikan derajat keparahan pasien Covid-19 disertai koinfeksi pneumonia (p = 1,000).
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References
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