Kajian Literatur: Study Design Dalam Farmakoepidemiologi Untuk Mengetahui Resistensi Bakteri Terhadap Antibiotik

Herleeyana Meriyani, Dwi Arymbhi Sanjaya, Rr Asih Juanita, Nyoman Budiartha Siada

Abstract

Penelitian terkait resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai study design. Study design merupakan salah satu titik kritis dalam penelitian resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran kelebihan dan kekurangan dari study design yang digunakan dalam penelitian farmakoepidemiologi tentang resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Pencarian literatur dilakukan secara elektronik untuk artikel yang dipublikasikan tahun 2011 hingga 30 Juni 2021 pada basis data EBSCO, Plos One, Proquest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar. Kriteria inklusi meliputi original article dengan desain cohort (prospective dan retrospective), case control, cross-sectional dan ecological study; memiliki Digital Object Identifier (DOI); dipublikasi 10 tahun terakhir; serta mengunakan Bahasa Inggris. Artikel dalam bentuk review, tidak merupakan full text, dan artikel dengan jumlah sampel penelitian yang tidak jelas tidak disertakan dalam kajian ini. Artikel yang terkumpul dari 6 database sejumlah 209 artikel (EBSCO 45 artikel, Plos One 42 artikel, ProQuest 32 artikel, PubMed 68 artikel, ScienceDirect 19 artikel dan Google Scholar 3 artikel). Duplikasi artikel dieksklusi (29 artikel). Artikel tidak memenuhi kriteria inklusi (86 artikel), 64 artikel tidak relavan dengan tujuan penelitian, sehingga diperoleh 30 artikel dalam studi ini. Rancangan penelitian pada penelitian ini yaitu case-control (2 artikel), cohort-prospective (14 artikel), cohort-retrospective (5 artikel), cross-sectional (8 artikel) dan ecological study (1 artikel). Masing-masing rancangan memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangannya masing-masing. Pemilihan desain studi dalam penelitian resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik dilakukan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian, jenis paparan yang diamati, jenis outcome serta tipe penelitian (comparative, correlative study) serta ketersediaan sumber daya dalam melakukan penelitian resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik.

Keywords

Desain studi; farmakoepidemiologi; resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jpscr.v8i1.61651

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