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Faktor Risiko Musculoskeletal Pain pada Pasien Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) dengan Kemoterapi Nilotinib di RSUD Dr. Moewardi
Abstract
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) merupakan penyakit mieloproliferatif yang ditandai dengan peningkatan sel mieloid dan ditemukan adanya kromosom Philadelphia yang disebabkan karena adanya translokasi respirok gen BCR-ABL. Nilotinib adalah Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) yang disetujui untuk pengobatan pasien dewasa yang baru di diagnosis CML dalam fase kronis (CML-CP) dengan kromosom Philadelphia positif (Ph+) atau pasien Ph+ CML yang resisten atau tidak toleran terhadap imatinib dalam fase kronis (CP) atau fase dipercepat (AP). Pada beberapa studi menunjukkan bahwa nilotinib berkaitan dengan munculnya efek samping obat. Salah satu efek samping obat yang terjadi pada penggunaan nilotinib yaitu musculoskeletal pain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi terjadinya musculoskeletal pain dan menganalisis pengaruh faktor usia, Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT), dan riwayat Diabetes Mellitus (DM) pada pasien CML dengan kemoterapi nilotinib di RSUD Dr. Moewardi. Penelitian dilakukan sebagai studi observasional dengan desain cross sectional pada 35 subyek pasien CML dengan kemoterapi nilotinib pada bulan Januari 2016 – Maret 2019. Evaluasi dilakukan selama 1 tahun setelah subyek mendapatkan kemoterapi nilotinib dengan menggunakan rekam medis dan lembar pengumpul data.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 13 pasien (37,1%) mengalami musculoskeletal pain. Hasil evaluasi dengan Algoritma Naranjo yaitu 7 pasien masuk dalam kategori possible dan 6 pasien dalam kategori probable. Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap terjadinya musculoskeletal pain dengan nilai p sebesar 0,041, nilai Odds Ratio sebesar 7, dan Interval Kepercayaan 95% sebesar 1,09 – 45,16. Sedangkan, faktor usia dan riwayat DM tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap terjadinya musculoskeletal pain.
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