Formulasi dan Karakterisasi SNEDDS Ekstrak Jinten Hitam (Nigella Sativa) dengan Fase Minyak Ikan Hiu Cucut Botol (Centrophorus Sp) serta Uji Aktivitas Imunostimulan

Maya Uzia Beandrade

Abstract

Jinten hitam (Nigella sativa) mengandung senyawa timokuinon yang berefek sebagai imunostimulan. Ekstrak jinten hitam dikembangkan menjadi SNEDDS (Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System) karena masalah kelarutan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam yang meliputi viskositas, ukuran tetesan nanoemulsi, extract loading, dan stabilitas. Pengujian aktivitas imunostimulan SNEDDS meliputi rasio sel makrofag dan indeks fagositosis.

SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam dioptimasi dengan metode Simplex Lattice Design menggunakan Design Expert 7.1.5., selanjutnya SNEDDS optimal diuji ukuran tetesan nanoemulsi dan zeta potensial, viskositas, serta uji stabilitas. Uji aktivitas imunostimulan dilakukan dengan metode biolatex assay terhadap tikus Sprague Dawley sebanyak 5 tikus/kelompok selama 15 hari dengan pemberian satu kali sehari yaitu kontrol positif (ekstrak meniran 7,2 mg/tikus), kelompok perlakuan yaitu ekstrak jinten hitam dengan dosis 200 mg/kgBB serta SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam (200 mg/kgBB), kelompok plasebo berupa formula SNEDDS tanpa ekstrak jinten hitam, dan kontrol normal, selanjutnya dihitung rasio dan indeks fagositosis makrofag.

SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam optimal mengandung 15% minyak ikan hiu cucut botol, 67,344% surfaktan (10,102% croduret 50 ss dan 57,242% tween 80), 17,656% PEG 400 sebagai ko-surfaktan dengan hasil ukuran tetesan nanoemulsi 16,3 nm, PI sebesar 0,202, zeta potensial -43,5 mV, dan viskositas antara 234,69 – 255,71 cP. Hasil extract loading sistem SNEDDS mencapai 600 mg ekstrak/g sistem. SNEDDS stabil setelah penyimpanan selama 90 hari pada suhu kamar dan uji freeze-thawing. SNEDDS ekstrak jinten hitam dengan dosis 200 mg/kgBB dapat meningkatkan rasio sel makrofag dan indeks fagositosis dibandingkan dengan ekstrak jinten tanpa formulasi (P<0,05).

Keywords

Ekstrak jinten hitam; Simplex Lattice Design; SNEDDS; aktivitas imunostimulan

Full Text:

PDF

References

Majdalawieh, A. F., Hmaidan, R. & Carr, R. I. Nigella sativa modulates splenocyte proliferation, Th1/Th2 cytokine profile, macrophage function and NK anti-tumor activity. J. Ethnopharmacol. 131, 268–275 (2010).

Salem, M. L. Immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties of the Nigella sativa L. seed. Int. Immunopharmacol. 5, 1749–1770 (2005).

Sriningsih & Wibowo, A. E. Efek Imunostimulan Ekstrak Meniran (Phyllanthus Niruri L.) Secara In Vivo Pada Tikus. J. Bahan Alam Indones. 7, 15–18 (2009).

Joshi, R. P. et al. SNEDDS curcumin formulation leads to enhanced protection from pain and functional deficits associated with diabetic neuropathy: An insight into its mechanism for neuroprotection. Nanomedicine Nanotechnology, Biol. Med. 9, 776–785 (2013).

Eid, A. M., El-Enshasy, H. A., Aziz, R. & Elmarzugi, N. A. The preparation and evaluation of self-nanoemulsifying systems containing swietenia oil and an examination of its anti-inflammatory effects. Int. J. Nanomedicine 9, 4685–4695 (2014).

Santoso, M. A. A., Handajani, J. & Jonarta, A. L. Effect of the Exposure Time of 0, 01% Blackseed (Nigella sativa Linn.) Volatile Oil on The Phagocytic Activity of Macrophage Cells in vitro. Indones. J. Dent. Res. 119–131 (2012).

RI, D. Materia Medika Indonesia. (2009).

Gharby, S. et al. Chemical Investigation of Nigella sativa L. Seed Oil Produced in Morocco. J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci. 14, 172–177 (2013).

Ali, A., Muhee, H. & Al-Leban, W. S. Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Affects Some Parameter in Male Albino Rats. Int. J. Med. Pharm. Sci. 4, 59–68 (2014).

Ishan, S. Development and Characterization of Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsions from Self-Microemulsifying Mixtures. (2011).

Sunitha Reddy, M. & Sowjanya, N. Formulation and in-vitro characterization of solid self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) of Simvastatin. J. Pharm. Sci. Res. 7, 40–48 (2015).

Zhao, Y. et al. Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) for Oral Delivery of Zedoary Essential Oil: Formulation and Bioavailability Studies. Int. J. Pharm. 383, 170–177 (2010).

Sagar, K., Kendre, P., Pande, V. & Chaundhari, V. Design, Development, and Characterization of Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) of Nateglinide. World J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 3, 794–811 (2014).

Balakumar, K., Raghavan, C. V., selvan, N. T., prasad, R. H. & Abdu, S. Self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of Rosuvastatin calcium: Design, formulation, bioavailability and pharmacokinetic evaluation. Colloids Surfaces B Biointerfaces 112, 337–343 (2013).

Engelen, A., Sugiyono & Budijanto, S. Optimasi Proses Dan Formula Pada Pengolahan Mi Sagu Kering. AGRITECH 35, 359–367 (2015).

Purnomo, E. H., Sitanggang, A. B., Agustin, D. S., Hariyadi, P. & Hartono, S. Formulation and Process Optimization of Muffin Produced From Composite Flour of Corn, Wheat and Sweet Potato. J. Teknol dan Ind. Pangan 23, 165–172 (2012).

Belhadj, Z., Zhang, S., Zhang, W. & Wang, J. Formulation Development and Bioavailability Evaluation of a Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System ( SNEDDS ) of Atorvastatin Calcium. Int. J. Pharm. 29, 1103–1113 (2013).

Einien, M. A., El Mahrouk, G. & Elkasabgy, N. Design and In-Vitro Evaluation of Olanzapine-Loaded Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System. Int. J. Institutional Pharm. Life Sci. 2, 12–32 (2012).

Kumar, R. S. et al. Self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of olanzapine for enhanced oral bioavailability: in vitro, in vivo characterization and in vitro–in vivo correlation. J Bioequivalence Bioavailab 5, 201–208 (2013).

Li, W. et al. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of persimmon leaf extract: Optimization and bioavailability studies. Int. J. Pharm. 420, 161–171 (2011).

Avachat, A. M. & Patel, V. G. Self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of stabilized ellagic acid-phospholipid complex with improved dissolution and permeability. Saudi Pharm. J. 23, 276–289 (2015).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jpscr.v3i1.15506

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.