Pemilihan Lokasi Stasiun Bike Sharing di Kota Surakarta Menggunakan Metode TOPSIS Berbasis GIS dan Open Data

Elisa Harlia Sandi, Muhammad Rizal Fernandita Pamungkas

Abstract

Transportasi perkotaan yang berbasis mobilitas aktif telah menjadi komponen penting dalam sistem transportasi perkotaan di seluruh dunia. Mobilitas aktif merupakan mobilitas yang melibatkan aktivitas fisik seperti berjalan, bersepeda maupun moda transportasi selain kendaraan bermotor. Selain mengurangi kemacetan lalu lintas dan polusi udara, mobilitas aktif juga mendorong aktivitas fisik dan meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat. Pasca pandemi Covid-19, kesadaran terhadap kesehatan dan transportasi ramah lingkungan menjadi perhatian di seluruh dunia. Moda transportasi bersepeda telah menjadi bagian transportasi perkotaan yang ramah lingkungan dan saat ini pengembangan sistem bike sharing telah banyak digunakan di banyak negara. Sistem bike sharing merupakan sistem berbagi sepeda secara bersama-sama dengan karakteristik untuk perjalanan jarak dekat dan penggunaannya yang singkat secara waktu. Penggunaan bike sharing merupakan langkah untuk mempromosikan mobilitas aktif. Namun, implementasi bike sharing tidak selalu berhasil di semua kota. Beberapa faktor seperti infrastruktur yang buruk, kurangnya promosi, dan perencanaan lokasi yang tidak efisien dapat menjadi penyebab kegagalan program bike sharing. Oleh karena itu, penempatan stasiun bike sharing merupakan aspek penting dalam memastikan keberhasilan program tersebut. Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dapat menjadi alat yang efektif. Konsep bike sharing juga sejalan dengan pengembangan kota cerdas, yang bertujuan untuk mewujudkan transportasi ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi, terutama dalam hal penyediaan data secara terbuka (open data). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan lokasi ideal stasiun bike sharing serta berkontribusi pada pengembangan sistem transportasi yang lebih berkelanjutan dan efisien di Kota Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan SIG multi kriteria berbasis metode Technique for Order Preference by Similiarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) untuk menentukan lokasi ideal stasiun bike sharing. Hasil penelitian ini terdapat tujuh lokasi potensial pengembangan stasiun bike sharing berdasarkan tingkat bikeability.

Keywords

analisis pengambilan keputusan multikriteria; bike sharing; Kota Surakarta; Sistem Informasi Geografis; TOPSIS

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/desa-kota.v6i1.79394.112-122

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