IMPACT OF BANK REPUTATION, SERVICE QUALITY, AND SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING ON CUSTOMER TRUST AND LOYALTY
Abstract
Customer loyalty is a strategic factor that determines the long-term success of banks in an increasingly competitive market where digital and physical services coexist. This study examines the effects of bank reputation, self-service technology quality, offline service quality, and social media marketing on offline and online trust, as well as the effects of trust on offline and online loyalty. This quantitative study collected questionnaire data from 201 customers of Bank Central Asia (BCA) who actively use both its digital and offline services, selected using purposive sampling, and analyzed the data using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that bank reputation and social media marketing have a positive and significant effect on offline trust but not on online trust, while self-service technology quality and offline service quality have a positive and significant effect on both offline and online trust. Offline trust has a positive and significant effect on online trust and offline loyalty, online trust has a positive and significant effect on online loyalty, and offline loyalty has a positive and significant effect on online loyalty. These findings indicate that trust built through offline services carries over to digital services, so banks should strengthen offline service quality and self-service technology quality while aligning offline and online service experiences to build customer loyalty.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Althuwaini, S. (2022). The Effect of Social Media Activities on Brand Loyalty for Banks: The Role of Brand Trust. Administrative Sciences, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12040148
Antczak, B. O. (2024). The influence of digital marketing and social media marketing on consumer buying behavior. Journal of Modern Science, 56(2), 310–335. https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/189429
Buhler, R. N., De Oliveira Santini, F., Junior Ladeira, W., Rasul, T., Perin, M. G., & Kumar, S. (2024). Customer loyalty in the banking sector: a meta-analytic study. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 42(3), 513–535. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-08-2023-0484
Cardoso, A., & Cardoso, M. (2024). Bank Reputation and Trust: Impact on Client Satisfaction and Loyalty for Portuguese Clients. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17070277
Che, M., Say, S. Y. A., Yu, H., Zhou, Q., Shu, J., Sun, W., Luo, X., & Xu, H. (2023). Investigating customers’ continuous trust towards mobile banking apps. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02483-3
Demir, A., Talaat, K., & Cumhur, A. (2015). The Relations among Dimensions of Service Quality, Satisfaction, Loyalty, and Willingness to pay more: Case of GSM Operators Service at Northern-Iraq. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarafms/v5-i4/1910
Dwivedi, A., & McDonald, R. E. (2020). Examining the efficacy of brand social media communication: a consumer perspective. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 28(4), 373–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2020.1768870
Ebrahim, R. S. (2020). The Role of Trust in Understanding the Impact of Social Media Marketing on Brand Equity and Brand Loyalty. Journal of Relationship Marketing, 19(4), 287–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332667.2019.1705742
Elareshi, M., Habes, M., Safori, A., Attar, R. W., Noor Al adwan, M., & Al-Rahmi, W. M. (2023). Understanding the Effects of Social Media Marketing on Customers’ Bank Loyalty: A SEM Approach. Electronics (Switzerland), 12(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12081822
Esmaeilpour, M., Sayadi, A., & Mirzaei, M. (2017). Investigating the Impact of Service Quality Dimensions on Reputation and Brand Trust. International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research, 10(3), 7–17. https://doi.org/10.25103/ijbesar.103.01
Frasquet, M., & Miquel, M. J. (2017). Do channel integration efforts pay-off in terms of online and offline customer loyalty? International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 45(7–8), 859–873. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-10-2016-0175
Giovanis, A. N., & Athanasopoulou, P. (2018). Consumer-brand relationships and brand loyalty in technology-mediated services. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 40(February 2016), 287–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.03.003
Hafez, M. (2021). The impact of social media marketing activities on brand equity in the banking sector in Bangladesh: the mediating role of brand love and brand trust. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 39(7), 1353–1376. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-02-2021-0067
Hair Jr., J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. United Kingdom: Cengage Learning EMEA. https://eli.johogo.com/Class/CCU/SEM/_Multivariate Data Analysis_Hair.pdf
Hamid, R. S., Salju, Kusdarianto, I., & Ikbal, M. (2023). The Effects of Social Media Marketing on Trust and User Satisfaction. 1015–1020. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-49-7_170
Kang, I., Lee, K. C., Kim, S. M., & Lee, J. (2011). The effect of trust transference in multi-banking channels; offline, online and mobile. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 9(2), 103–123. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMC.2011.040141
Kuen, L., Westmattelmann, D., Bruckes, M., & Schewe, G. (2023). Who earns trust in online environments? A meta-analysis of trust in technology and trust in provider for technology acceptance. Electronic Markets, 33(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-023-00672-1
Ladhari, R., Gonthier, J., & Lajante, M. (2019). Generation Y and online fashion shopping: Orientations and profiles. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 48(February), 113–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.02.003
Li, W., & Xue, L. (2021). Analyzing the critical factors influencing post-use trust and its impact on Citizens’ continuous-use intention of E-Government: Evidence from Chinese municipalities. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147698
Lin, J. S. C., & Hsieh, P. L. (2011). Assessing the Self-service Technology Encounters: Development and Validation of SSTQUAL Scale. Journal of Retailing, 87(2), 194–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2011.02.006
Lu, J., Bai, J., Zhao, H., & Zhang, X. (2023). The Effect of “Offline-to-Online” Trust Transfer on the Utilization of Online Medical Consultation Among Chinese Rural Residents: Experimental Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.2196/43430
Mousa, M., Nosratabadi, S., Sagi, J., & Mosavi, A. (2021). The effect of marketing investment on firm value and systematic risk. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010064
Mukerjee, K. (2020). Impact of self-service technologies in retail banking on cross-buying and word-of-mouth. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 48(5), 485–500. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-08-2019-0261
Nijssen, E. J., Schepers, J. J. L., & Belanche, D. (2016). Why Did They Do It? How Customers’ Self-Service Technology Introduction Attributions Affect the Customer-Provider Relationship. Journal of Service Management, 27(3), 276–298.
Nosi, C., Pucci, T., Melanthiou, Y., & Zanni, L. (2022). The influence of online and offline brand trust on consumer buying intention. EuroMed Journal of Business, 17(4), 550–567. https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-01-2021-0002
Otopah, A. A., Dogbe, C. S. K., Amofah, O., & Ahlijah, B. (2024). Digital marketing and purchase intention of bank services: the role of trust and engagement. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 42(7), 1920–1945. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-02-2023-0097
Özkan, P., Süer, S., Keser, İ. K., & Kocakoç, İ. D. (2020). The effect of service quality and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty: The mediation of perceived value of services, corporate image, and corporate reputation. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 38(2), 384–405. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-03-2019-0096
Rizwan, M., & Ahmad, N. (2020). the Role of Channel Integration in Customer Movement From Offline Channel To Online Channel in a Multichannel Environment. International Journal of Management (IJM, 11(09), 1610–1621.
Ruiz-Molina, M. E., Gómez-Borja, M. Á., & Mollá-Descals, A. (2021). Can offline–online congruence explain online loyalty in electronic commerce? International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 49(9), 1271–1294. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-02-2020-0060
Sanny, L., Arina, A. N., Maulidya, R. T., & Pertiwi, R. P. (2020). Purchase intention on Indonesia male’s skin care by social media marketing effect towards brand image and brand trust. Management Science Letters, 10, 2139–2146. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.3.023
Shankar, A., & Jebarajakirthy, C. (2019). The influence of e-banking service quality on customer loyalty: A moderated mediation approach. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 37(5), 1119–1142. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-03-2018-0063
Su, B. C., Wu, L.-W., & Yen, Y.-C. (2021). Antecedents and consequences of trust and loyalty in physical banks affecting mobile payments. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212368
Tarabieh, S. (2017). The Synergistic Impact of Social Media and Traditional Media on Purchase Decisions: The Mediating Role of Brand Loyalty International Review of Management and Marketing The Synergistic Impact of Social Media and Traditional Media on Purchase Decisions: Th. International Review of Management and Marketing, 7(5), 51–62.
Zanubiya, J., Meria, L., & Duwi Juliansah, M. A. (2023). Increasing Consumers with Satisfaction Application based Digital Marketing Strategies. Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal), 2(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.33050/sabda.v2i1.266
Zephaniah, C. O., Ogba, I. E., & Izogo, E. E. (2020). Examining the effect of customers’ perception of bank marketing communication on customer loyalty. Scientific African, 8, 4–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00383
Zhang, L., Yi, Y., & Zhou, G. (2022). Cultivate customer loyalty in national culture: a meta-analysis of electronic banking customer loyalty. Cross Cultural and Strategic Management, 29(3), 698–728. https://doi.org/10.1108/CCSM-08-2021-0155
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jaedc.v10i2.108581
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nida Adelia, Unggul Kustiawan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
|