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Studi Literatur Modernisasi Infrastruktur dan Manajemen Kereta Api Vietnam
Abstract
Pertumbuhan penduduk di Vietnam yang cukup tinggi membutuhkan modernisasi infrastruktur dan manajemen transportasi. Hal ini selaras dengan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan ke-delapan dan sebelas yakni pengembangan infrastruktur dalam mendukung kota dan permukiman yang inklusif berkelanjutan. Kereta api menjadi transportasi massal yang berkelanjutan terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk di perkotaan. Negara Vietnam konsisten dan berintegritas dalam membangun jalur kereta api cepat sampai ke China. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji modernisasi infrastruktur dan manajemen transportasi kereta api di Vietnam. Jenis bahasan dibatasi pada perkembangan infrastruktur dan manajemen transportasi yang dilakukan dengan metode studi literatur. Hasil studi literatur menunjukkan Vietnam berkolaborasi dengan China, Jepang, dan Prancis dalam pengembangan transportasi kereta api. Modernisasi infrastruktur dan manajemen transportasi dilakukan dengan pengembangan kereta api cepat (The North-South High-Speed Railway) dan pengembangan kereta api perkotaan (Urban Railway) di Hanoi dan Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). The North-South High-Speed Railway masih dalam tahap perencanaan. Jalur kereta cepat sepanjang lebih dari 1.500 kilometer yang direncanakan mulai diimplementasikan pada 2026– 2027. Kemudian, Vietnam mengembangkan dua jalur kereta api perkotaan (Urban Railway) yaitu jalur Hanoi dan HCMC. Untuk line 2A (Lin– Ha Dong) dan 3 (Nhon– Ha Noi) di Hanoi, kemudian line 1 (Ben Thanh– Suoi) di HCMC.
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