Effect of Acrylamide And Potassium Peroxodisulphate on The Quality of Bead Gel Based on Cassava Bagasse-Carrageenan Using Microwave Grafting Method

Sperisa Distantina, Nurul Hidayatun, Shifa Annisa Nabila, Mujtahid Kaavessina, Fadilah Fadilah

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Hydrogels are widely used for drug delivery systems, immuno-chemotherapy applications, efficient use of water, preventing dry soil, and increasing soil infiltration. Generally, hydrogels are derived from synthetic polymers which is non-biodegradable and toxic. Cassava bagasse is an alternative cellulose to make hydrogels. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the amount of acrylamide and potassium peroxodisulphate (KPS) initiator on the quality of bead gel based on cassava bagasse-carrageenan. Chemical structure of the hydrogel was studied using FTIR spectroscopy. Cassava bagasse was immersed in a solution of n-hexane to separate the fat. Then, fat-free cassava bagasse was grafted with mass ratios of cassava and acrylamide 1:5, 1:10, and 1:15 in 110 mL water. The solution was added with a KPS initiator with weight variations (g) 0.04; 0.08; 0.12 then stirred 15 min. The solution was put in the microwave with 630 watts of irradiation for 450 s with the cooling cycle temperature maintained at 65-70oC. The aqueous of grafted polymer and carrageenan was injected into beaker glass that contained 1 cm of palm oil and mixture of 0.2 M CaCl2 and 0.2 M KCl in an ice bath. Results showed that the highest average swelling capacity was found in the bead gel variation 1:15 with the number of initiators 0.04 g of 1797.95% at a time of 210 minutes of immersion. From FTIR spectrum, it was found that there was a success in grafting acrylamide into bagasse’s backbone using the microwave grafting method with KPS as initiator.

Keywords: Acrylamide, Bead Gel, Cassava Bagasse, Grafting Microwave, Potassium Peroxodisulphate

Full Text:

PDF

References

[1] S. Bashir, Y. Y. Teo, S. Naeem, S. Ramesh, and K. Ramesh, “PH responsive N-succinyl chitosan/Poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels and in vitro release of 5-fluorouracil,” PLoS One, vol. 12, no. 7, July. (2017). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179250.

[2] X. Wu, Y. Wu, H. Ye, S. Yu, C. He, and X. Chen, “Interleukin-15 and cisplatin co-encapsulated thermosensitive polypeptide hydrogels for combined immuno-chemotherapy,” Journal of Controlled Release, vol. 255, pp. 81–93, June. (2017). doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.04.011.

[3] B. Anwar, R. Nurkomarasari, and Y. Sunarya, “Pengaruh crosslinker N,N’-Metilenbisakrilamida (MBA) terhadap kinerja kopolimer superabsorben selulosa bakterial nata de soya-asam akrilat yang disintesis menggunakan radiasi microwave,” Chemica Isola, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-8. June, (2021).

[4] M. Apriyani and D. E. Sedyadi, “Sintesis dan karakterisasi plastik biodegradable dari pati onggok singkong dan ekstrak lidah buaya (Aloe vera) dengan plasticizer gliserol,” J. Sains Dasar, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 145-152. September, (2015).

[5] L. Chang, L. Xu, Y. Liu, and D. Qiu, “Superabsorbent polymers used for agricultural water retention,” Polymer Testing, vol. 94, February, (2021). doi: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.107021

[6] T. Erceg, S. Cakić, M. Cvetinov, T. Dapčević-Hadnađev, J. Budinski-Simendić, and I. Ristić, “The properties of conventionally and microwave synthesized poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels,” Polymer Bulletin, vol. 77, no. 4, pp. 2089–2110, April, (2019). doi: 10.1007/s00289-019-02840-w.

[7] A. Abdulhameed, H. M. Mbuvi, and E. O. Changamu, “Synthesis of cellulose-based superabsorbent hydrogel from rice husk using a microwave,” American Journal of Materials Science, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1– 8, (2020). doi: 10.5923/j.materials.20201001.01.

[8] Matovanni, M. P. N., Distantina, S., & Kaavessina, M. “Synthesis of cassava starch-grafted polyacrylamide hydrogel by microwave-assisted method for polymer flooding,” Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 791 – 804, (2022). doi : 10.22146/ijc.71343.

[9] I. Ginting Suka, “Kopolimerisasi cangkok (graft copolymerization) n-isopropilakrilamida pada film selulosa yang diinduksi oleh sinar ultraviolet dan karakterisasinya,” Makara, Sains, vol. 14, no. 1. pp. 1-6. April, (2010).

[10] S. Sunardi, “Pengaruh penambahan jumlah inisiator amonium persulfat (APS) terhadap karakteristik polimer superabsorben asam akrilat dan selulosa batang alang-alang (Imperata Cylindrica),” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Penelitian, Pendidikan, dan Penerapan MIPA. May, (2013). doi: 10.13140/2.1.5170.2561.

[11] L. Anah, N. Astrini, and A. Nurhikmat dan Agus Haryono, “Studi awal sintesa carboxy methyl cellulosegraft-poly(acrylic acid)/monmorilonit superabsorben polimer hidro gel komposit melalui proses kopolimerisasi cangkok,” Berita Selulosa, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 1-8. June, (2010).

[12] W. Tanan and S. Saengsuwan, “Microwave assisted synthesis of poly (acrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/poly(vinyl alcohol) semi-IPN hydrogel,” Energy Procedia, vol. 56. pp. 386-393. (2014). doi : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.07.171.

[13] S. Chami, N. Joly, P. Bocchetta, P. Martin, and D. Aliouche, “Polyacrylamide grafted xanthan: Microwaveassisted synthesis and rheological behavior for polymer flooding,” Polymers, vol. 13, no. 1484. March, (2021). doi : https://doi.org/10.3390/polym1309148

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/equilibrium.v6i2.68130

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.