Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable Pati Jagung Terplastisasi Sorbitol dengan Pengisi Selulosa dari Ampas Tebu

Ardimas Fauzan Huwaidi, Edy Supriyo

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Plastik menimbulkan kerusakan lingkungan karena sifatnya yang sulit terurai secara alami. Banyaknya ampas tebu di Indonesia dan tingginya kandungan selulosa dapat digunakan sebagai pengisi pada pembuatan bioplastik. Selulosa memberikan sifat kedap air, menghambat biodegradasai, dan meningkatkan kuat tarik bioplastik. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian pembuatan bioplastik menggunakan ampas tebu sebagai pengisi. Pembuatan bioplastik menggunakan metode solution casting. Hasil terbaik pengujian daya serap air pada rasio pati:ampas tebu 7,5:2,5; massa sorbitol 2,3 gr; dan suhu 75oC dengan nilai 46,638%. Hasil terbaik pengujian biodegradasi pada rasio pati:ampas tebu 8,5:1,5; masssa sorbitol 2,7 gr; dan suhu 65oC dengan nilai 88,253%. Hasil terbaik pengujian kuat tarik dan perpanjangan putus dengan nilai 2.9574 N/mm2 dan 0.8896%. Hasil kedua pengujian masih belum memenuhi standar SNI 7828:2014.

Kata kunci: Ampas Tebu, Bioplastik, dan Selulosa

 

ABSTRACT. Plastic causes environmental pollution because it is difficult to decompose in nature. The large amount of bagasse in Indonesia and the high cellulose content can be used as filler for making bioplastics. Cellulose as a bioplastic filler provides water resistance, inhibits biodegradation, and increases tensile strength. Therefore, research was conducted using bagasse as a bioplastic filler. Bioplastics are made by the solution casting method. The best results of water absorption at the ratio of starch: bagasse 7.5:2.5; mass of sorbitol 2,3 g; and temperature of 75oC with a value of 46.638%. The best results of biodegradability at the ratio of starch: bagasse 8.5:1.5; mass of sorbitol 2,7 g; and temperature of 65oC with a value of 88.253%. The best results of tensile strength and elongation at break are 2.9574 N/mm2 and 0.8896%. The results of the both tests still do not meet the requirements of SNI 7818:2014 standard.

Keywords: Bagasse, Bioplastic, and Cellulose

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/equilibrium.v6i1.62552

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