Konduktivitas Listrik Poly(Lactic Acid) dengan Variasi Bahan Isian Karbon: Review

Gabrella Efendy, Indah Dwi Handayani, N Fauziatul Husni, Siti Habibah, Mujtahid Kaavessina

Abstract

Abstrak. Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites (CPC) merupakan material yang banyak digunakan sebagai sensor, sel fotovoltaik, kapasitor, dioda, dan perangkat energi yang sangat mudah meregang. CPC memiliki beberapa sifat unggul, diantaranya konduktivitas elektrik yang tinggi, ringan, tahan korosi, dan memiliki karakteristik mekanis yang bagus. Konduktivitas elektrik pada polimer diperoleh dan diatur dengan menambahkan bahan isian berbasis karbon seperti: Carbon Black (CB), Carbon Nano Tube (CNT), Graphite maupun Graphene. Metode panambahan bahan isian dapat dilakukan dengan Melt blending dan Solvent blending. Metode melt blending memiliki beberapa keunggulan, diantaranya mudah, praktis, murah, serta dapat diaplikasikan pada berbagai bahan. Selain itu, metode melt blending termasuk  ramah lingkungan karena tidak ada pelarut organik. Sedangkan kelebihan metode Solvent Blending adalah campuran yang lebih kuat dikarenakan disperse yang terjadi merata dan lebih baik. Pada review, penulis mengulas tentang sifat elektrik dari CPC berbasis poli asam laktat dan berbagai bahan isian  karbon, yaitu CNT, graphene, dan CB. Hasil studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa konduktivitas elektrik CPC meningkat seiring bertambahnya komposisi bahan isian. Pada metode solvent blending faktor yang berpengaruh adalah komposisi PLA dan filler, suhu operasi, kecepatan pengadukan, waktu pengadukan, dan solvent yang digunakan. Sedangkan metode melt blending faktor yang berpengaruh adalah komposisi PLA dan filler, suhu operasi, kecepatan, dan waktu.

Kata kunci: Poli Asam Laktat, CNT, CB, Graphene, CPC

 

Abstract. Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites (CPC) are materials that are widely used as sensors, photovoltaic cells, capacitors, diodes, and highly flexible energy devices. CPC has several superior properties, including high electrical conductivity, lightweight, corrosion resistance, and good mechanical characteristics. The electrical conductivity of the polymer is obtained and adjusted by adding carbon-based fillers such as: Carbon Black (CB), Carbon Nano Tube (CNT), Graphite, and Graphene. The method of adding fillers can be conducted by Melt blending and Solvent blending. The melt blending method has several advantages, including being easy, practical, inexpensive, and can be applied to various materials. In addition, the melt blending method is environmentally friendly because there is no organic solvent used. Meanwhile, the advantage of the Solvent Blending method is more homogeneous dispersion. In the review, the author reviews the electrical properties of CPC based on poly(lactic acid) and various carbon filling materials, namely CNT, graphene, and CB. The literature study shows that the electrical conductivity of CPC increases as the increase of fillers composition. In the solvent blending method, the main influencing factors are the composition of PLA and filler, operating temperature, stirring speed, stirring time, and solvent used. While the melt blending method, the influencing factors are the composition of PLA and filler, operating temperature, speed, and blending time.

 

Keywords: Poli(lactic acid), CNT, CB, Graphene, CPC

 

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/equilibrium.v5i1.54195

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