SIFAT KIMIA TANAH, POPULASI BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT, DAN HASIL CABAI PADA APLIKASI BEBERAPA JENIS MULSA PADA INCEPTISOL NGEMPLAK, BOYOLALI

Fahrizal Yusuf Bahtiar, Sudadi Sudadi, Vita Ratri Cahyani

Abstract

Mulch was often applied on chili pepper cultivation. It aimed to cover the soil from various factors which can reduce the yield. This research aims to study the effect of various types of mulch (silver-black plastic and straw) to soil chemical properties, population of PSB, and chili pepper yield (harvest time, weight of dry plant biomass, and weight of fresh fruit per plant), also to study the correlation between the population of PSB with chili pepper yield. The research has been conducted from December 2015 until October 2016, on an inceptisol field in Ngemplak, Boyolali. The variables of this research are soil properties (pH, organic-carbon, total-N, available-P, and exchangeable-K), total-PSB, and chili pepper yield (harvest time, a weight of dry plant biomass, and weight of fresh fruit per plant). The result showed that various types of mulch application significantly increased soil-pH, soil total-N, soil available-P, total-PSB, a weight of dry plant biomass, a weight of fresh fruit per plant, and fastened harvest time. It also tends to increase organic-carbon and soil exchangeable-K. There were strong correlations between total-PSB and harvest time, a weight of dry plant biomass, and weight of fresh fruit per plant. The best result showed by silver-black plastic mulch application.

Keywords

Phosphate solubilizer bacteria; soil chemical properties; chilli pepper yield; silver-black plastic mulch; straw mulch

Full Text:

PDF

References

Alexander, M. 1978. Introduction to Soil Microbiology. New Delhi: Wiley Eastern Private Ltd.

Amacher, M.C., K.P. O’Neill, & C.H. Perry. 2007. Soil Vital Signs: A New Soil Quality Index (SQI) for Assessing Forest Soil Health. Research Paper. USDA, Forest Service. Fort Collins.

Balittan (Balai Penelitian Tanah). 2005. Petunjuk Teknis Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air, dan Pupuk. Bogor: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian.

Basyaruddin. 1982. Penelaahan Serapan dan Pelepasan Fosfat dalam Hubungannya dengan Kebutuhan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) pada Tanah Ultisol dan Andisol. Tesis. Bogor: Program Pascasarjana. IPB.

Creamer, N.G., M.A. Bennett, B.R. Stimer, & J. Cardina. 1996. A Comparison of Four Processing Tomato Production System Differing in Cover Crop and Chemical Input. J.Amer. Soc.Hort.Sci.12 (3), 557-568.

Diaz-Perez, J.C. 2009. Rootzone Temperature, Plant Growth, and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea Plenck. Var. Italica) as Affected by Plastic Film Mulch. Scientia Horticulturae. 123(2), 156-163.

Dong, H.Z.,W.J Li, W. Tang, & D.M. Zhang. 2009. Early Plastic Mulching Increases Stand Establishment and Lint Yield of Cotton in Saline Fields. Field Crop Res. 111(3), 296-275.

Fang, S., B. Xie, & J. Liu. 2008. Soil Nutrient Availability, Poplar Growth and Biomass Production on Degraded Agricultural Soil under Fresh Grass Mulch. Forest Ecology and Management. 255(5-6), 1802-1809.

Fardani, S. 2012. Pengaruh Proporsi Penambahan Kompos BioPA dan Mulsa Jerami terhadap Serapan Hara Na, Mg, serta Kandungan Klorofil Tanaman Kacang Hijau (Phaseolus radiatus L.) yang Ditanam di Kawasan Pantai Pandansari Bantul. UNY Press. Yogyakarta.

Gardner, F.P., R.B. Pearce, & R.L. Mitchell. 1991. Fisiologi Tanaman Budidaya. UI Press. Jakarta.Lamont, W.J. 1993. Plastic Mulches for The Production of Vegetable Crops. Hort. Technology. 3(1), 35-39.

Hanafiah, A.S., T. Sabrina, & H. Guchi. 2009. Biologi dan Ekologi Tanah. Medan: USU Press.

Hartatik, W., & L.R. Widowati. 2006. Pupuk Organik dan Pupuk Hayati (Organic Fertilizer and Biofertilizer). Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Bogor.

Hassan, S.A., R.Z. Abidin, & M.F. Ramlan. 1995. Growth and Yield of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in Response to Mulching and Potassium Fertilization. Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci. 18(2), 113-117.

Hayati, Y. 2016. Budidaya Cabai Keriting dalam Pot. BPTP. Aceh.

Keller, J., & R.D. Bleisner. 1990. Sprinkler and Tricle Irigation. AVI Publishing Company Inc. Wesport Connecticut.

Lamont, W.J. 1993. Plastic Mulches for The Production of Vegetable Crops. Hort. Technology. 3(1), 35-39.

Liang, Y.L., Xing W., Juan-juan Z., Mao-Juan Z., & Qiang P. 2011. Response of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to Mulching Practices under Planted Greenhouse Condition. Agricultural Water Management. 99: 111-120.

Munir, M. 1996. Karakteristik, Klasifikasi, dan Pemanfaatannya. Pustaka Jaya. Jakarta.

Nariratih, I., M.M.B. Damanik, & G. Sitanggang. 2013. Ketersediaan Nitrogen pada Tiga Jenis Tanah Akibat Pemberian Tiga Bahan Organik dan Serapannya pada Tanaman Jagung. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. 1(3): 479-488.

Noorhadi, & Sudadi. 2003. Kajian Pemberian Air dan Mulsa. J. Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan. 4(1), 41-49.

Notohadiprawiro, T. 1983. Persoalan Tanah Masam dalam Pembangunan Pertanian di Indonesia. Makalah pandukung pada seminar Pertanian Dies Natalis UGM ke-34. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.

Notohadiprawiro, T., S. Soekodarmodjo, & E. Sukana. 1984. Pengelolaan Kesuburan Tanah dan Efisiensi Pemupukan. Ceramah pada Pertemuan Alih Teknologi, Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Provinsi Dati I Jawa Tengah, di Pati. 20-22 Agustus 1984. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.

Peraturan Menteri Pertanian. Nomor 70/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011 tentang Pupuk Organik, Pupuk Hayati, dan Pembenah Tanah.

Premono, M.E. 1994. Jasad Renik Pelarut Fosfat Pengaruhnya terhadap P-Tanah dan Efisiensi Pemupukan P Tanaman Tebu. Bogor: Program Pascasarjana. IPB.

Romic, D., M. Romic, J. Borosic, & M. Poljak. 2003. Mulching Decreases Nitrate Leaching in Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Cultivation. Agricultural Water Management. 60: 87-97.

Sarwono J. 2009. Statistik Itu Mudah: Panduan Lengkap Belajar Komputasi Statistik (Menggunakan SPSS 16). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi.

Sukristiyonubowo, Mulyadi, P. Wigena, & A. Kusno. 1993. Pengaruh Penambahan Bahan Organik, Kapur dan Pupuk NPK terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Hasil Kacang Tanah. Pemberitaan Penelitian Tanah dan Pupuk 11: 1-6.

Tarara, J.M. 2000. Microclimate Modification with Plastic Mulch. HortScience. 35(2), 169-180.

Triyono, K. 2007. Pengaruh Sistem Pengolahan Tanah dan Mulsa terhadap Konservasi Sumber Daya Tanah. INNOFARM: Jurnal Inovasi Pertanian. 6(1), 11-21.

Vos, J.G.M. 1994. Integrated Crop Management of Hot Pepper (Capsicum spp.) Under Tropical Lowland Conditions: Effects of Mulch on Crop Performance and Production (PhD Thesis). Wageningen Agricultural University. p95-109.

Zou, X.X., Y.Q. Ma, R.Y. Liu, Z.Q. Zhang, W.C. Cheng, X.Z. Dai, X.F. Li, & Q.C. Zhou. 2007. Combining Ability Analyses of Net Photosynthesis Rate in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Agric. Sci. China. 6(2), 159-166.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.