BATIK KLASIK SEBAGAI MEDIA LEGITIMASI KEKUASAAN SULTAN HAMENGKUBUWONO VIII TAHUN 1927-1939 DAN RELEVANSINYA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN MATERI SEJARAH SOSIAL

Abstract

The objectives of this study were: (1) to identify the development of classical batik at the Sultanate of Yogyakarta during the Sultan Hamengkubuwono VIII reign, (2) to find out the meaning of classical batik motifism during the age of Sultan Hamengkubuwono VIII, (3) to identify how classical batik was used as a medium of legitimacy of power during the time of Sultan Hamengkubuwono VIII, (4) to identify the relevance of the results of the study as the development of Social History material.

This study used a historical method consisting of four stages: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observation and literature. The data analysis techniques in the form of historical analysis techniques.

The results showed that: (1) the development of classical batik during the time of Sultan Hamengkubuwono VIII was marked by the issuance of regulations regarding the use of batik cloth in 1927, batik activities in the Hadiningrat Yogyakarta Palace which were carried out by the wives and daughters of the Sultan as part of education the most refined character and introduction of the palace culture, and the development of several batik motifs such as the motif of semen rojo, plenik hok naga, tambal, gringsing lindri, parang sisik, kawung and huk which were the result of a grant from the son in law of Sultan Hamengkubuwono VIII; (2) the meaning of classical batik motif symbolism during the reign of Sultan Hamengkubuwono VIII affirmed the system of social stratification in the feudal palace society. It could be seen by the name, type, color, fabric style, and structure of the pattern that represents the overall purpose to be conveyed in a system of social stratification; (3) batik as a medium for the legitimacy of the power of Sultan Hamengkubuwono VIII was used as a symbol of affirmation of social position, complementary means of power and authority of a king, social control, and as an order and guidance in relations between gurus; (4) the relevance of the results of this study is to develop (enrich) Social History course material mainly regarding the chapter on the concept of Javanese power during the Mataram Islamic kingdom, a sub-section of legitimacy for the power of the kings of Mataram.