The Impact of Energy Consumption, Energy Intensity, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions on Sustainable Development in ASEAN Countries

Diana Ratna Wulandari, Aldy Fahriz Achsanta, Laras Safira

Abstract


This study investigates the impact of energy consumption, energy intensity, and greenhouse gas emissions on sustainable development in 10 ASEAN countries over the period 2000–2021. Using panel data regression analysis, the research identifies the extent to which these environmental and energy-related variables influence sustainable development indicators. The fixed effect model (FEM) was selected as the most appropriate specification based on the results of Chow, Hausman, and Lagrange Multiplier tests. The findings reveal that energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions negatively affect sustainable development, while energy intensity has a positive and significant impact. These results highlight the urgent need for ASEAN countries to adopt cleaner energy strategies and improve energy efficiency to promote sustainable growth. The study offers valuable insights for policymakers in balancing economic growth and environmental sustainability in the region.


Keywords


sustainable development; energy consumption; energy intensity; greenhouse gas emissions; ASEAN; panel data; environmental economics

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/bfde.v4i2.107357

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