HAK ATAS PERKAWINAN BAGI INDIVIDU HOMOSEKSUAL: PERBANDINGAN HUKUM ANTARA BRUNEI DARUSSALAM, INDONESIA, DAN THAILAND

Rosla Tinika Sari

Abstract

Hak untuk menikah merupakan salah satu hak asasi manusia yang diakui dalam UDHR dan ICCPR. Namun ketentuan dalam UDHR dan ICCPR mengenai hak menikah menimbulkan perbedaan pendapat. Perdebatan tersebut terjadi karena timbul pertanyaan: “Apakah UDHR dan ICCPR juga mencakup pernikahan bagi pasangan homoseksual?”. Berdasarkan UDHR dan ICCPR, keluarga sebagai suatu kesatuan yang dibentuk melalui perkawinan merupakan suatu kesatuan yang kodrati dan mendasar dalam masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, konsep pernikahan sangat bergantung pada masyarakat suatu negara. Artikel ini mengkaji negara-negara anggota ASEAN dalam memberikan perlindungan hak menikah bagi individu homoseksual. Dengan fokus pada Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia dan Thailand yang memiliki kekhasan dalam menyikapi kaum homoseksual. Jenis penelitian dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah penelitian normatif dengan menggali konsep-konsep dalam bahan hukum primer yang mengatur hak perkawinan di setiap negara. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menganalisis bahan hukum primer serta menggunakan silogisme dan interpretasi hukum. Pasal ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum perkawinan di ketiga negara tersebut menyetujui perkawinan antara laki-laki dan perempuan dan tidak memberikan penafsiran lain. Oleh karena itu, individu yang homoseksual secara hukum tidak dapat memiliki pasangan sah yang berjenis kelamin sama dengan dirinya, seperti halnya hubungan suami istri. Namun, sikap masing-masing negara memiliki sejumlah perbedaan dalam menyikapi serikat sesama jenis. Brunei Darussalam dengan tegas menolak hubungan homoseksual, sedangkan Indonesia saat ini hanya mengkriminalisasi hubungan homoseksual antara orang dewasa dan anak di bawah umur sebagai tindakan cabul. Sedangkan di Thailand, pernikahan homoseksual bisa dilakukan sesuai adat atau agama.

Keywords

Right to marriage; Homosexual individuals; Brunei Darussalam; Indonesia; Thailand.

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References

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