Email this article 
Identifikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria pada Rizosfer Bambu Duri dengan Gram KOH 3%
Abstract
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria is a group of microorganism that is able to increase plant growth and yield through reactions in the soil, but the large number of microorganisms contained in PGPR's rhizosphere from thorn bamboo make it difficult to know which bacteria are the most dominant and most active in influencing plants. This study aimed to determine the effect of using the 3% gram KOH test method in identifying PGPR bacteria from the thorn bamboo rhizosphere. This test was carried out at the Biofertilizer and Potential Microbial Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin from October-December 2019. The testing methods include making microorganism growing media, pouring media, planting bacteria with the scatter and scratch methods, also the gram reaction test using KOH 3%. The results obtained the use of the 3% gram KOH test method in the scatter method showed there were 2 samples that have mucus with a percentage of 40%, while in the scratch method showed all samples have mucus with a percentage of 100% so that the use of the 3% gram KOH test method has an optimum effect in detecting microorganisms especially in identifying plant growth promoting rhizobacteria.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF(ID)References
Aminulloh, F. 2011. Analisis Bahan Organik dan Nitrogen Total pada Sistem Budidaya Ikan pada Skala Laboratorium. Program Keahlian Analisis Kimia Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Asniah, Widodo & Wiyono, S. 2013. Potensi cendawan asal tanah perakaran bambu sebagai endofit dan agen biokontrol penyakit akar gada pada tanaman brokoli. J. Fitopatol Indones. 1 (2): 61-68.
Bharti N, Yadav D, Barnawal D, Maji D. & Kalra A. 2013. Exiguobacterium Oxidotolerans, a Halotolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria, Improves Yield and Content of Secondary Metabolites in Bacopa Monnieri(L.) Pennell Under Primary and Secondary Salt Stress. World J. Microbiol Biotechnol. 29: 379–387.
Bhattacharyya PN, Jha DK. 2012. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): Emergence in Agriculture. World J. Microbiol Biotechnol. 28: 1327–1350.
Bottini R., Cassan F. & Piccoli P. 2004. Gibberellin Production by Bacteriaand Its Involvement in Plant Growth Promotion and Yield Increase. Appl Microbiol Biot. 65:497–503.
Burd G, Dixon DG, Glick BR. 2000. Plant Growth Promotingbacteria That Decrease Heavy Metal Toxicity in Plants. Can J. Microbiol. 46: 237–245.
Chaiharn M., Chunhaleuchanon S., Kozo A. & Lumyong S. 2008.Screening of Rhizobacteria for Their Plant Growth Promoting Activities. KMITL Sci Technol J. 8:18–23.
Dash C, Payyappilli RJ. 2016. KOH String and Vancomycin Susceptibility Test as an Alternative Method to Gram Staining. Journal of International Medicine and Dentistry. 3 (2): 88-90.
Edwin. 2011. Materi Kuliah Mikrobiologi. Banjarbaru (ID): Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Gregersen T. 1978. Rapid Method for Distinction of Gram Negative from Gram Positive Bacteria. European J. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol; 5: 123-127.
Jaya CT. & Subha MP. 2011. A Study of 2 Rapid Tests to Differentiate Gram Positive and Gram Negative Aerobic Bacteria. J. Med Allied Sci; 1(2): 84-85.
Khalid A., Arshad M, Zahir ZA. 2004. Screening Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Improving Growth and Yield of Wheat. J Appl Microbiol. 96:473–480.
Kurnia K., Sadi NH, Jumianto S. 2015. Isolation and Characterization of Pb Resistant Bacteria from Cilalay Lake, Indonesia. Aceh Int. J. Sci. Technol., 4(3): 83-87.
Lin W, Okon Y, Hardy RWF.1983. Enhanced mineral uptake by Zea Mays and Sorghum Bicolorroots Inoculated with Azospirillum-brasi-lense. Appl Environ Microb. 45:1775–1779.
Liu K, McInroy JA, Hu CH. & Kloepper JW. 2017. Mixtures of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Biological Control of Multiple Plant Diseases and Plant Growth Promotion in the Presence of Pathogens. Plant Dis. 102:67–72.
Lugtenberg B, Kamilova F. 2009. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol. 63: 541–556.
Madigan MT, Martinko JM, Stahl DA. & Clark DP. 2012. Brock: Biology of Microorganisms. Pearson, San Fransisco.
Podile AR, Kishore AK. 2006. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria. Gnanamanickam SS, editor. Plant-Associated Bacteria. Netherland: Springer.
Rahayu SA, Gumilar MH. 2017. Uji Cemaran Air Minum Masyarakat Sekitar Margahayu Rata Bandung Dengan Identifikasi Bakteri Escherichia coli. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi Indonesia. 4 (2): 50-56.
Rahni NM. 2012. Efek Fitohormon PGPR terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays). CEFARS. Jurnal Agribisnis dan Pengembangan Wilayah. 3 (2): 27-35.
Ryu CM, Hu CH, Locy RD, Kloepper JW. 2005. Study of Mechanismsfor Plant Growth Promotion Elicited by Rhizobacteria in Arabidopsisthaliana. Plant Soil. 268:285–292.
Saharan BS, Nehra V. 2011. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria: A Critical Review. Journal of Aston. 21(1): 1-30.
Sharma R, Rjaka RC, Pandey AC. 2010. Evidence of antagonistic interaction between rhizosphere and mycorizhae fungi associated with Dendrocalamus strictus. J. Yeast Fungal Res. 1 (7): 112-117.
Soekirno, 2008. Pedoman Pengelolaan Koleksi dan Identifikasi OPT (khusus untuk pathogen penyakit tanaman) pada Tanaman Holtikultura. Jakarta (ID): Direktorat Perlindungan Tanaman Holtikultura.
Sutrisno. 2008. Budidaya Bambu.Yogyakarta (ID): Balai Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai Serayu Opak Progo.
Tsavkelova EA, Klimova SY, Cherdyntseva TA, Netrusov AI. 2006. Microbial Producers of Plant Growth Stimulators and Their Practicaluse: a Review. Appl Biochem Micro. 42:117–126.
Tu Z, Chen L, Yu X, Zheng Y. 2013. Effect of bamboo plantation on rhizosphere soil enzyme and microbial activities in coastal ecosystem. J. Food Agric Environ. 11 (03): 2333-2338.
Widjaja EA, Sastrapradja S, Prawiroatmodjo S. & Soenarko S. 1995. Jenis- Jenis Bambu. Jakarta (ID): Balai Pustaka.
Yang J, Kloepper JW, Ryu CM. 2009. Rhizosphere Bacteria Help Plants Tolerate Abiotic Stress. Trends Plant Sci.14: 1–4.
Zahir ZA, Khalid A, Arshad M. 2004. Screening plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for improving growth and yield of wheat. J. Appl. Microbiol. 96: 473-480.
Zhang H, Kim MS, Krishnamachari V, Payton P, Sun Y, Grimson M, Farag MA, Ryu CM, Allen R, Melo IS. 2007. Rhizobacterial Vola-tile Emissions Regulate Auxin Homeostasis and Cell Expansion in Arabidopsis. Planta. 226:839–851.
