Keragaman Genetik Sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida L.) Berdasarkan Penanda RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)

Nandariyah Nandariyah, Hardian Ningsih, Annisa Nur Fadhillah, Parjanto Parjanto, Edi Paryanto

Abstract

Chinese betel is a plant widely found in Indonesia, especially in the ex-Karasidenan area of Surakarta. The existence of growing Chinese betel can be found at various altitudes with humid growing conditions with low sun intensity. People in Surakarta believe that Chinese betel can be used as a traditional medicine. Chinese betel nut is suspected to contain a minerals and bioactive substances that are beneficial to health. Currently, there are few references to Chinese betel, especially related to genetic diversity. This study aims to study the diversity of Chinese betel band patterns based on RAPD markers using OPA-3, OPA-4, OPA-11, OPC-05, and OPD-4 primers. This research was carried out at the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta in July - November 2023 using Chinese betel leaf DNA taken from various places in the ex-karasidenan area of Surakarta. The results of the data analyzed by NTSYSpc version 2.02 with the SimQual (Similarity for Qualitative Data) function using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group with Arithmetic Averaging) method based on the Jaccard similarity index value. The amplification results showed 30 bands with 13 polymorphic bands and 17 monomorphic bands. The level of polymorphism among Chinese betel samples in the five RAPD primers used presented 44.36% of the total 13 polymorphic bands. Jaccard's genetic similarity matrix data ranged from 0.667 – 0.964. The results of the dendogram show that the sample is divided into two clusters with a diversity index of 0.28.

Keywords

Genetic diversity; Jaccard; Molecular Marker; Piperaceae; Polymorphism

Full Text:

PDF

References

Al-khayri JM, Mahdy EMB, Taha, HAS., et al. 2022. Genetic and Morphological Diversity Assessment of Five Kalanchoe Genotypes by SCoT, ISSR, and RAPD-PCR Markers. Plants 11: 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11131722

Andriani L, Monica T, Lubis, NI. 2022. Pemanfaatan tanaman herbal (sirih cina, jahe, and kayu manis) melalui kegiatan KKN di RT 03 Kelurahan Suka Karya Kecamatan Kotabaru, Kota Jambi. J Abdi Masyarakat Indonesia 2(2): 465-472. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54082/jamsi.180

Ardiana DW. 2009. Teknik isolasi DNA genom tanaman pepaya and jeruk dengan menggunakan modifikasis buffer CTAB. Buletin Teknik Pertanian 14(1): 12-16.

Arrigoni-Black MF, Dmitrieva EG, Franzotti EM, et al. 2004. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Peperomia pellucida (L.) HBK (Piperaceae). J of Ethnopharmacology 91: 215-218. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.12.030

Elfianis R, Zulfahmi, Rowmaina. 2017. Genetic relationship of kantong semar (Nepenthes spp.) based on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers. J Agrotechnology 1(2): 123-139.

Harahap AS. 2017. Uji kualitas and kuantitas DNA beberapa populasi pohon kapur Sumatra. J of Animal Science and Agronomy Panca Budi.2(2): 1-6.

Hikmatyar MF, Royani JI, Dasumiati. 2015. Isolasi and amplifikasi DNA keladi tikus (Typhonium flagelliforme) untuk identifikasi keragaman genetik. J Bioteknologi and Biosains Indonesia 2(2): 42-48. DOI: http://eJ.bppt.go.id/index.php/JBBI

Htun S, Tin N, Tsin H, Naing TS. 2020. Comparative Study on the Morphological and Anatomical Characters of Peperomia pellucida L. (Kunth.) and Piper longum L. in Myitkyina Area. Myanmar Korea Conference Research J 3(2): 737-744.

Imansyah MZ, Hamdayani S. 2022. Uji aktivitas etanol daun sirih cina (Peperomia pellucida L.) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. J Kesehatan Yamasi Makassar 6(1): 40-47.

Kanedi, M. 2022. Pharmacological benefits of plant extract of Peperomia pellucida growing wild in Suburb of Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. Word J of Advanced Research and Reviews 13(2): 519-522. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.13.2.0177

Kartikawati E, Hartono K, Rahmawati SM, and Kusdianti IK. 2023. Aktivitas antibakteri and fraksi daun sirih cina (Peperomia pellucida L.) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes ATCC1223. J Medika Sains 3(1): 21-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30653/medsains.v3i1.507

Langga IF, Restu M, Kuswinanti T. 2012. Optimization of Temperature and Length of Incubation in Extracting Bitti Plant (Vitex cofassus Reinw.) Dna and Genetic Variety Analysis with RAPD-PCR. J Sains and Technology 12(3): 265-276.

Mir MA, Mansoor S, Sugapriya M, et al. 2021. Deciphering genetic diversity analysis of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) using RAPD and ISSR markers. Saudi J Bio Sci 28: 1308-1317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.063

Nazarzadeh Z, Onsori H, Akrami S. 2020. Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Using RAPD and ISSR Molecular Markers. J Gen Res 6(1):69-76. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.22080/jgr.2020.18262.1172

Patel HK, Fougat RS, Kumar S, et al. 2015. Detection of genetic variation in Ocimum species using RAPD and ISSR Markers. J 3 Biotech 5: 697-707. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-014-0269-y

Sari VK, Restanto DP 2022. Review artikel: metode ekstraksi DNA genom untuk tanaman tinggi kandungan polisakarida dan metabolit sekunder. J Agroteknika 5(2): 118-129.

Shirmohammadi S, Sabouri H, Ahangar L, Ebadi AA, Sajadi J. 2018. Genetik diversity and association analysis of rice genotypes for grain physical quality using iPBS, IRAP, and ISSR markers. J Gen Res 4(2): 122-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22080/jgr.2019.15415.1115

Sulistyawati P and Widyatmoko AYPBC. 2017. Keragaman genetik populasi kayu merah (Pterecarpus indicus Willd) menggunakan penanda random amplified polymorphic DNA. J Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan 11(1): 67-76. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jpth.2017.11.1.67-76

Vyas D, Joshi A, Gajamani G., et al. 2016. Genetik diversity analysis in different genotypes of black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] using RAPD marker. Legume Research 39 (5) : 690-697. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18805/LR.V0IOF.9430

Wahua C, Mandah PC. 2020. Morpho-Anatomical Properties and Some Quantitative Chemical Analyses of Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth. Greener J Biological Sciences 10(1): 33-37.

Yuliana L. 2023. Studi morfologi genus Piper and variasinya. J Biocaster 3(1): 11-19. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/bjkb.v3i1.155.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/agsjpa.v26i1.92694