Growth and Production of Tall and Short Rice Genotypes in Multicanopy Cultivation

Andhika Bara Alhuda, Iskandar Lubis, Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Ahmad Junaedi

Abstract

Multi-canopy rice cultivation is a cropping approach that combines tall and short rice genotypes within the same planting system to optimize vertical canopy space and improve land-use efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the growth, physiological responses, yield components, and land equivalent ratio (LER) of tall and short rice genotypes under monoculture and multi-canopy cultivation systems. This experiment was conducted between December 2024 and May 2025 at the Sawah Baru Experimental Farm, IPB, using a randomised complete block design comprising a single factor: the combination of plant varieties and multi-canopy systems. The treatment combinations comprised short-statured varieties (IPB202-F-1, IPB201-F-1) and tall-statured varieties (IPB197-E-1, IPB200-F-51) and the multi-canopy intercropping systems (Intercropping 1 and Intercropping 2) as well as monoculture. The results of the study indicate that the cropping system and genotype combinations have a significant effect on the number of productive tillers and the number of grains per panicle, but do not have a significant effect on most physiological traits, panicle length, and 1000-grain weight. The highest number of productive tillers was obtained in the IPB201 monoculture, whilst the highest number of grains per panicle was obtained in the IPB202–IPB200 combination in the two-row interplanting system. All multi-canopy combinations produced an NKL value greater than one, indicating higher land-use efficiency compared to the monoculture system. The IPB201–IPB200 combination in the double-row system yielded the highest NKL value of 1.59. The results of this study indicate that the appropriate combination of tall and short rice genotypes, particularly in the double-row system, can improve land-use efficiency and has the potential to support the sustainable intensification of rice cultivation on limited land.

Keywords

Genotype Combination; Land Equivalent Ratio; Multi-Canopy System; Rice Yield

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/agsjpa.v28i1.116518