DIAPHRAGMATIC RUPTURE AN EMERGENCY CASE REPORT

IFADA INDRIYANI, WIDIASTUTI WIDIASTUTI, THARINA LAWEI, DARMAWAN ISMAIL

Abstract

 ABSTRACT

Introduction: Diaphragmatic rupture is a major challenge for the radiologist to be confirmed as an emergency diagnosis. The prevalence of the injury is 5% of abdominal blunt force trauma cases. Left-sided injury is more common with left-to-right ratio 3:1. Chest X-Ray is a conventional modality as an early assessment of abdominal trauma and computed tomography is a standard reference to confirm this diagnosis.

Case Report: A 70 yo man complained about chest pain after falling from 4 meter-height tree. Chest X-Ray revealed bowel gas appearance in the left thorax cavity with no appearance of left diaphragm. Contrasted abdominal CT showed gaster and intestine in the left thorax cavity. The patient underwent left diaphragm thoracotomy confirming the existence of gaster, ileum, and spleen in the pleural cavity. Those organs were returned to the abdomen and the left diaphragm repaired. Following-up after discharge obtained remarkable outcomes.

Discussion: Confirming the diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture is a challenge for the radiologist because it can be asymptomatic until life-threatening complications manifest such as respiratory disorders and visceral incarceration.

Conclusion: With the improvement of imaging technology, the radiologist is able to confirm a diaphragmatic rupture to get a better prognosis.

 

Key words: diaphragmatic rupture; trauma; chest X-ray; computed tomography

 

ABSTRAK

 

Pendahuluan : Konfirmasi diagnosis emergensi ruptur diafragma masih menjadi tantangan bagi spesialis radiologi. Prevalensi ruptur diafragma sebesar 5% dari kasus trauma tumpul abdomen dan perlukaan diafragma pada sisi kiri lebih umum terjadi dibandingkan sisi kanan dengan rasio 3:1. Foto X-Ray dada merupakan modalitas konvensional sebagai penilaian awal trauma abdomen dan computed tomography scanning (CT scan) merupakan standar pemeriksaan untuk mendiagnosis kasus tersebut.

Laporan Kasus : Seorang laki-laki berusia 70 tahun mengeluhkan nyeri dada setelah jatuh dari pohon setinggi 4 meter. X-ray dada menunjukkan gambaran gas usus di sebelah kiri rongga thorax dan tidak tampak gambaran diafragma kiri. CT scan abdomen dengan kontras menunjukkan gambaran lambung dan usus di sebelah kiri rongga thorax. Pasien tersebut kemudian ditatalaksana dengan thorakotomi diafragma kiri untuk mengkonfirmasi adanya lambung, ileum dan lien pada rongga pleura. Organ-organ tersebut kemudian dikembalikan ke dalam abdomen dan diafragma kiri direparasi. Kondisi klinis pasien setelah penatalaksanaan tersebut menunjukkan perbaikan.

Diskusi : Konfirmasi diagnosis ruptur diafragma merupakan tantangan bagi spesialis radiologi karena kasus tersebut bisa tidak bergejala sampai timbulnya komplikasi yang mengancam jiwa seperti gangguan respirasi dan perlekatan organ visceral.

Kesimpulan : Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi pencitraan, spesialis radiologi dapat mengkonfirmasi ruptur diafragma sehingga memberikan prognosis yang lebih baik.

 

Kata Kunci : ruptur diafragma; trauma; chest X-ray, computed tomography

Keywords

diaphragmatic rupture; trauma; chest X-ray; computed tomography

Full Text:

PDF

References

Korse Balde A. A Case Report on Diaphragmatic Rupture, in the Visceral Surgery of Hospital of Conakry, Guinea. J Surg [Internet]. 2016;4(3):76. Available from: http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo?journalid=253&doi=10.11648/j.js.20160403.13

Kishore A, Singh A, Jain A. Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: a case report. Int Surg J [Internet]. 2018 May 24;5(6):2375. Available from: http://www.ijsurgery.com/index.php/isj/article/view/2941

McCloud TC, Boiselle PM, editors. The Requisites Thoracic Radiology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2010.

Reddy SV, Anuradha B, Sushma P, Jagadeesh AB, K Varun Prakash. Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Case Report. Int J Sci c Study. 2015;3(6):241–3.

Soto JA, Lucey BC, editors. The Requisites Emergency Radiology. 2nd ed. Philadephia: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2017.

Kahwa A Al. Blunt Diaphragmatic Rupture a Case Report and Literature Review. Emerg Med Open Access [Internet]. 2016;6(4). Available from: https://www.omicsgroup.org/journals/blunt-diaphragmatic-rupture-a-case-report-and-literature-review-2165-7548-1000335.php?aid=77699

Rashid F, Chakrabarty MM, Singh R, Iftikhar SY. A review on delayed presentation of diaphragmatic rupture. World J Emerg Surg [Internet]. 2009;4(1):32. Available from: http://wjes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1749-7922-4-32

Nguyen P, Davis B, Tran DD. Laparoscopic Repair of Diaphragmatic Rupture: A Case Report with Radiological and Surgical Correlation. Case Rep Surg [Internet]. 2017;2017:1–4. Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/cris/2017/4159108/

Veena Chowdhury, Arun Kumar Gupta NK. Diagnostic Radiology Chest and Cardiovascular Imaging. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD. 2010.

Kaur R, Prabhakar A, Kochhar S, Dalal U. Blunt traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: Pictorial review of CT signs. Indian J Radiol Imaging [Internet]. 2015;25(3):226. Available from: http://www.ijri.org/text.asp?2015/25/3/226/161433

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.