RETURN MIGRATION DURING CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) OUTBREAK IN SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA

Agus Joko Pitoyo, Bagas Aditya, Sumini Sumini, Arya Nugraha, Septi Nurhayati

Abstract

Population mobility during pandemic becomes the concern for government since COVID-19 has known spreading through droplets. Special Region of Yogyakarta is one of the provinces in Indonesia that is dealing with the problem of population mobility, especially in return migration during the pandemic. This study aims to give short analysis on the potency of return migration. This study is essential both for academic and practitioner in managing population mobility during pandemic. The analysis was supported by statistical data from Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, news, and related journals. This study confirms that return migration during the pandemic plays a role in causing new transmission centers. It means that migrants have a role in carrying the virus, in which the severity of its spread is determined by the interactions between infected migrants and local community and between infected local community and other local community. Lockdown in the local level such as villages is considerably more effective rather than massive travel bans in regional level. Local lockdown is considered to be more effective because it makes easy in controlling and also give little impact to the economic condition. Social capital and grassroot involvement is key to stop this pandemic.

Keywords

Migration; COVID-19; Public Health

Full Text:

PDF

References

Ali, S. H., & Roger, K. (2008). Networked Disease: Emerging Infections in the Global City. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Bi, Q., Wu, Y., Mei, S., Ye, C., Zou, X., Zhang, Z., Liu, X., Wei, L., Truelove, S. A., Zhang, T., Gao, W., Cheng, C., Tang, X., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Sun, B., Huang, S., Sun, Y., Zhang, J., … Feng, T. (2020). Epidemiology and transmission of COVID-19 in 391 cases and 1286 of their close contacts in Shenzhen, China: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(8), 911–919. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30287-5 BPS. (2017). Recent Migration. In Report. Corona.jogjaprov.go.id. (2020). Yogyakarta Tanggap COVID-19. Https://Corona.Jogjaprov.Go.Id/. covid19.go.id. (2020). Berita resmi COVID-19 - Protokol terbaru COVID-19. Https://Covid19.Go.Id/. https://covid19.go.id/ Daruwaskita. (2020, March 31). Lima Hari, 5000 Lebih Pemudik Pulang Kampung ke Gunungkidul. IDN Times Jogja. https://jogja.idntimes.com/news/jogja/daruwaskita/lima-hari-5000-lebih-pemudik-pulang-kampung-ke-gunungkidul/1 Dunford, D., Dale, B., Stylianou, N., Lowther, E., Ahmed, M., & Arenas, I. de la T. (2020). Coronavirus: The world in lockdown in maps and charts. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-52103747 Gabor, M. R. (2010). Descriptive methods of data analysis for marketing data – theoretical and practical considerations. Management Şi Marketing (Bucureşti), 5(3). Gabrillin, A. (2020, April 26). Pemudik dari Zona Merah Masih Berdatangan ke Gunungkidul. Kompas.Com. https://regional.kompas.com/read/2020/04/26/15513101/pemudik-dari-zona-merah-masih-berdatangan-ke-gunungkidul?page=all Gould, P. (1999). Becoming a Geographer. Syracus University Press. Husna, M. A. (2020, May 4). Sedikitnya 85.876 Pemudik Masuk Wilayah DIY, Lebih dari 80 Persen dari Jabodetabek. TribunNews.Com. https://www.tribunnews.com/regional/2020/05/04/sedikitnya-85876-pemudik-masuk-wilayah-diy-lebih-dari-80-persen-dari-jabodetabek Jiwandono, R. (2020, March 26). Semua Pendatang di Yogyakarta Berstatus ODP. Tagar.Id. https://www.tagar.id/semua-pendatang-di-yogyakarta-berstatus-odp-corona Kemenkes. (2016). Situasi Lanjut Usia (lansia) di Indonesia. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. https://pusdatin.kemkes.go.id/article/view/16092300002/infodatin-situasi-lanjut-usia-lansia-di-indonesia.html Kraemer, M. U. G., Golding, N., Bisanzio, D., Bhatt, S., Pigott, D. M., Ray, S. E., Brady, O. J., Brownstein, J. S., Faria, N. R., Cummings, D. A. T., Pybus, O. G., Smith, D. L., Tatem, A. J., Hay, S. I., & Reiner, R. C. (2019). Utilizing general human movement models to predict the spread of emerging infectious diseases in resource poor settings. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41192-3 MacKenzie, J. S., & Smith, D. W. (2020). COVID-19: A novel zoonotic disease caused by a coronavirus from China: What we know and what we don’t. Microbiology Australia, 41(1), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.1071/MA20013 Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Republik Indonesia Nomor PM 25 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pengendalian Transportasi Selama Masa Mudik Idul Fitri Tahun 1441 Hijriah Dalam Rangka Pencegahan Penyebaran Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Menteri Perhubungan Republik Indonesia (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.06.001%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.12.055%0Ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2019.02.006%0Ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.04.024%0Ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.127252%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016 Nurhadi, M. (2020, April 22). Efek Covid-19, Ratusan Pekerja Migran Kembali ke DIY. SuaraJogja.Id. https://jogja.suara.com/read/2020/04/22/080000/efek-covid-19-ratusan-pekerja-migran-pulang-ke-diy?page=all Peeri, N. C., Shrestha, N., Rahman, M. S., Zaki, R., Tan, Z., Bibi, S., Baghbanzadeh, M., Aghamohammadi, N., Zhang, W., & Haque, U. (2020). The SARS, MERS and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics, the newest and biggest global health threats: what lessons have we learned? International Journal of Epidemiology, 49(3), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaa033 Pertana, P. R. (2020a, April 1). Terus Bertambah, Pemudik Tiba di Yogya Tembus 100 Ribu Orang. Detik News. https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-tengah/d-4961757/terus-bertambah-pemudik-tiba-di-yogya-tembus-100-ribu-orang Pertana, P. R. (2020b, April 22). Gugus Tugas COVID-19: Sudah Ada Transmisi Lokal Corona di DIY. Detik News. https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-tengah/d-4987486/gugus-tugas-covid-19-sudah-ada-transmisi-lokal-corona-di-diy Pitoyo, A. J., & Alfana, M. A. F. (2015). Strategi Rumah Tangga Miskin Perdesaan Keluar Dari Kemiskinan: Kasus Tiga Desa Di Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Populasi, 23(2), 55–70. https://doi.org/10.22146/jp.15695 Priatmojo, G. (2020a, April 23). Sejak Jokowi Umumkan Larangan Mudik, Pemudik ke Gunungkidul Malah Meningkat. SuaraJogja.Id. https://jogja.suara.com/read/2020/04/23/071000/sejak-jokowi-umumkan-larangan-mudik-pemudik-ke-gunungkidul-malah-meningkat Priatmojo, G. (2020b, April 26). Hingga Hari Kedua Larangan Mudik, Hampir 7000 Pemudik Masuk ke Sleman. SuaraJogja.Id. https://jogja.suara.com/read/2020/04/26/065000/hingga-hari-kedua-larangan-mudik-hampir-7000-pemudik-masuk-ke-sleman Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Sekretariat Negara 8 (2020). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367802820 Rothan, H. A., & Byrareddy, S. N. (2020). The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Autoimmunity, 109(February), 102433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433 Saker, Lance; Lee, Kelley; Cannito, Barbara; Gilmore, Anna, Campbhell-Lendrum, D. (2018). Globalization and infectious diseases. Biodiversity and Evolution, 3, 123–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-78548-277-9.50008-5 Saker, L., Lee, K., Cannito, B., Gilmore, A., & Campbell-Lendrum, D. (2004). Globalization and Infectious Diseases: A review of linkages (WHO). Social, Economic and Behavioural (SEB) Research, 3, 55. https://www.who.int/tdr/publications/documents/seb_topic3.pdf Salata, C., Calistri, A., Parolin, C., & Palù, G. (2020). Coronaviruses: A paradigm of new emerging zoonotic diseases. Pathogens and Disease, 77(9), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftaa006 Setiawan, J. H. W. (2020, April 28). Pemudik yang Sudah Masuk ke Sleman Capai 6.985 Orang. Detik News. https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-tengah/d-4993679/pemudik-yang-sudah-masuk-ke-sleman-capai-6985-orang Siahaan, H. (2019). Memahami Fenomena Tradisi Mudik Menurut Dosen Sosiologi UNAIR. Universitas Airlangga. https://www.unair.ac.id/site/article/read/2525/memahami-fenomena-tradisi-mudik-menurut-dosen-sosiologi-unair.html Somantri, G. R. (2000). Village in Motion. Time Publisher. Soto, S. M. (2009). Human migration and infectious diseases. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 15(SUPPL. 1), 26–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02694.x WHO. (2020a). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Weekly Epidemiological Update and Weekly Operational Update. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports WHO. (2020b). WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 Wijana, E. P. E. (2020, April 25). Mudik Dilarang, Gunungkidul Alami Lonjakan Jumlah Perantau Pulang Kampung. SuaraJogja.Id. https://jogja.suara.com/read/2020/04/25/190209/mudik-dilarang-gunungkidul-alami-lonjakan-jumlah-perantau-pulang-kampung?page=all Wilson, M. E. (2005). Travel and the emergence of infectious diseases. Journal of Agromedicine, 9(2), 159–177. https://doi.org/10.1300/J096v09n02_10

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/ge.v7i1.45294

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.