Efektivitas Implementasi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Lingkungan Perguruan Tinggi dalam Mendukung Dampak Pembangunan Berkelanjutan

Ahmad Sururi, Budi Hasanah, Mayu Ma’lumatiyah, Annisa Dwianti

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to discuss how the implementation of community empowerment supports sustainable impacts. The research method uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through interviews and observation. Data analysis includes reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The results of the research show that the implementation of community empowerment policies in tertiary institutions in supporting the impact of sustainable development has not been fully effective. Achievement of the level of effectiveness was only achieved in the aspect of the degree of change in the target group and the quality of the implementation process, while in the aspect of the final result/impact of the implementation it was still not in accordance with the desired expectations. The research findings show that the concept or formulation of community empowerment policies is still very much dependent on initiation from the university so that the orientation of the community is not yet fully in the context of actual empowerment so that the outcomes or outputs impacting the implementation of empowerment policies are still not sustainable. On the other hand, even though changes in the target group and the quality of the implementation process have shown improvement, they still require efforts that are holistic in nature in encouraging an effective implementation impact.

Keywords

community empowerment; higher education; impact of sustainable development; policy implementation

References

Albulescu, I., & Albulescu, M. (2014). The University in the Community. The University’s Contribution to Local and Regional Development by Providing Educational Services for Adults. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 142, 5–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.578

Anderson, J. (1984). Public Policy Making (Second ed). Holt, Renehart and Winston.

Anyon, Y., & Fernández, M. A. (2007). Realizing the Potential of Community-University Partnerships. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 39(6), 40–45. https://doi.org/10.3200/chng.39.6.40-45

Ashton, L. J., Gordon, S. E., & Reeves, R. A. (2018). Key Ingredients—Target Groups, Methods and Messages, and Evaluation—of Local-Level, Public Interventions to Counter Stigma and Discrimination: A Lived Experience Informed Selective Narrative Literature Review. Community Mental Health Journal, 54(3), 312–333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-017-0189-5

August, A. (2010). The art of changing Behaviour of target groups (Issue August). D.C. de Wildt, SME Advies, Utrecht.

Bailey, N. (2010). Understanding Community Empowerment in Urban Regeneration and Planning in England: Putting Policy and Practice in Context. Planning Practice and Research, 25(3), 317–332. https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2010.503425

Bailey, N., & Pill, M. (2015). Can the State Empower Communities through Localism? An Evaluation of Recent Approaches to Neighbourhood Governance in England Can the state empower communities through localism ? An evaluation of recent approaches to neighbourhood governance in England. Environment and Planning C Government and Policy, 33(April), 289–304. https://doi.org/10.1068/c12331r

Baker, D. C., & McLelland, J. N. (2003). Evaluating the effectiveness of British Columbia’s environmental assessment process for first nations’ participation in mining development. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 23(5), 581–603. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0195-9255(03)00093-3

Bent-Goodley, T. B. (2018). Empowerment in Action: #SWLeadAdvocateChampion. Social Work (United States), 63(2), 101–103. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swy013

Carrasco, R. D. F., Monferrer, M. C., & Di Masso Tarditi, A. (2016). Exploring links between empowerment and community-based arts and cultural practices: Perspectives from Barcelona practitioners. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 20(3), 229–245. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2015.1047659

Findler, F., Schönherr, N., Lozano, R., Reider, D., & Martinuzzi, A. (2019). The impacts of higher education institutions on sustainable development: A review and conceptualization. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 20(1), 23–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-07-2017-0114

Harrach, C., Geiger, S., & Schrader, U. (2020). Sustainability empowerment in the workplace: determinants and effects. Sustainability Management Forum | NachhaltigkeitsManagementForum, 28(3–4), 93–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00550-020-00505-1

Hidayat, A. (2020). Peran perguruan tinggi dalam membangun integritas kemanusiaan dan kebangsaan indonesia (pp. 1–17).

Hudson, B., Hunter, D., & Peckham, S. (2019). Policy failure and the policy-implementation gap: can policy support programs help? Policy Design and Practice, 2(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2018.1540378

Ilott, O., Randall, J., Bleasdale, A., & Norris, E. (2016). Making policy stick - Tackling long-term challenges in government. Joseph Rowntree Foundation (JRF). https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/publications/making-policy-stick

Joseph, R. (2020). The theory of empowerment: A critical analysis with the theory evaluation scale. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 30(2), 138–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2019.1660294

Karlina, R., Adila, I., & Kusumastuti, A. (2016). Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Pos Pemberdayaan Keluarga (Posdaya) di Kota Malang. Otoritas : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 6(2), 112. https://doi.org/10.26618/ojip.v6i2.271

Khair, N. K. M., Lee, K. E., & Mokhtar, M. (2020). Sustainable City and Community Empowerment through the Implementation of Community-Based Monitoring: A Conceptual Approach. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(22), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229583

Koehn, P. H., & Uitto, J. I. (2014). Evaluating sustainability education: Lessons from international development experience. Higher Education, 67(5), 621–635. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-013-9669-x

Linder, S. H., & Peters, B. G. (1987). A Design Perspective on Policy Implementation : The Fallacis of Misplaced Presciption. Policy Studies Review, 6(3), 459–475.

Maas, K., & Liket, K. (2011). Social Impact Measurement: Classification of Methods. In Eco-Efficiency in Industry and Science book series (ECOE,volume 27) (pp. 171–202). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1390-1_8

Markantoni, M., Steiner, A., Meador, J. E., & Farmer, J. (2018). Do community empowerment and enabling state policies work in practice? Insights from a community development intervention in rural Scotland. Geoforum, 97(October), 142–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.10.022

Matti, S. (2009). Exploring Public Policy Legitimacy, A Study of Belief-System Correspondence in Swedish Environmental Policy [Lulea University of Technology]. http://pure.ltu.se/portal/files/3012491/Simon_Matti_DOC2009.pdf

Meltzer, R., & Schwartz, A. (2019). Policy Analysis as Problem Solving A Flexible and Evidence-Based Framework. Routledge. https://www.routledge.com/Policy-Analysis-as-Problem-Solving-A-Flexible-and-Evidence-Based-Framework/Meltzer-Schwartz/p/book/9781138630178

Miles, M. B., Huberman, M. A., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis, A Methods Sourcebook. In Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications Inc.

Moore, T. (2014). Community-University Engagement: A Process for Building Democratic Communities. In Wiley Online Library (Vol. 40, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1002/aehe.20014

Moore, T. L. (2014). Community–University Engagement 1. Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1002/aehe.20014

Mugwagwa, J., Edwards, D., & de Haan, S. (2015). Assessing the implementation and influence of policies that support research and innovation systems for health: The cases of Mozambique, Senegal, and Tanzania. Health Research Policy and Systems, 13(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-015-0010-2

Pradhan, N. S., Su, Y., Fu, Y., Zhang, L., & Yang, Y. (2017). Analyzing the Effectiveness of Policy Implementation at the Local Level: A Case Study of Management of the 2009–2010 Drought in Yunnan Province, China. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 8(1), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-017-0118-9

Rames, M., Howlett, M. P., & Saguin, K. (2016). Measuring Individual-Level Analytical , Managerial and Political Policy Capacity : A Survey Instrument (Issue 65).

Rappaport, J. (1981). In Praise of Paradox: A Social Policy of Empowerment Over Prevention. American Journal of Community Psychology, 9(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00896357

Robinson, S. E. (2006). A decade of treating networks seriously. Policy Studies Journal, 34(4), 589–598. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2006.00192.x

Sandford, J., & Moulton, S. (2015). Effective Implementation in Practice: Integrating Public Policy and Management. John Wiley & Sons.

Scott, T. A., & Thomas, C. W. (2016). Unpacking the Collaborative Toolbox : Why and When Do Public Managers Choose Collaborative Governance Strategies ? Policy Studies Journal, 00(00), 1–24.

Shearer, J. C., Abelson, J., Kouyate, B., Lavis, J. N., & Walt, G. (2016). Why do policies change? Institutions, interests, ideas and networks in three cases of policy reform. Health Policy and Planning, 31(9), 1200–1211. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czw052

Steiner, A., & Farmer, J. (2018). Engage, participate, empower: Modelling power transfer in disadvantaged rural communities. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 36(1), 118–138. https://doi.org/10.1177/2399654417701730

Steiner, A., Mcmillan, C., Connor, C. H. O., Steiner, A., Mcmillan, C., & Connor, C. H. O. (2022). Investigating the contribution of community empowerment policies to successful co- production- evidence from Scotland. Public Management Review, 00(00), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2022.2033053

Sururi, A. (2015). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Program Pembangunan Infrastruktur Perdesaan dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Kecamatan Wanasalam Kabupaten Lebak. Sawala : Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 3(2), 1–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30656/sawala.v3i2.229

Tachjan. (2006). Implementasi Kebijakan Publik (P. Caroline & D. Mariana (eds.)). Asosiasi Ilmu Politik Indonesia (AIPI) Bandung.

Teng, F., & Gu, A. (2007). Climate change: national and local policy opportunities in China. Environmental Sciences, 4(3), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/15693430701742735

Thomas, R., & Ormerod, N. (2017). The (almost) imperceptible impact of tourism research on policy and practice. Tourism Management, 62, 379–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.02.009

Tinggogoy, F. L. (2019). Implementasi Program Daerah Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Kelurahan Lolu Selatan Kecamatan Palu Timur Kota Palu. Jurnal Aaspirasi, 10(1), 43–49.

Turnbull, N. (2006). How Should We Theorise Public Policy? Problem Solving and Problematicity. Policy and Society, 25(2), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1449-4035(06)70072-8

Yin, R. K. (2014). Case Study Research : design and methods (Fifth Edit). SAGE Publications Inc.

Žalėnienė, I., & Pereira, P. (2021). Higher Education For Sustainability: A Global Perspective. Geography and Sustainability, 2(2), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geosus.2021.05.001

Zimmerman. (2000). Empowerment Theory: Psychological, Organizational and community levels of analysis. In Handbook of Community Psychology; Rappaport, J., Seidman, E., Eds.; Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers: New York, NY, USA, (pp. 43–63).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/sp.v17i2.64931

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.