Analisis lahan terbangun dan pertumbuhan penduduk di Kota Makassar menggunakan Google Earth Engine

Irwansyah Sukri, Muhammad Yusuf, Dinil Qaiyimah, Fadil Muhammad, Haris Haris

Abstract

Urbanisasi yang pesat di Kota Makassar telah menyebabkan perubahan signifikan dalam penggunaan lahan terbangun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara perubahan lahan terbangun dan pertumbuhan penduduk di Kota Makassar antara tahun 2000 hingga 2020. Metode penelitian menggunakan data citra satelit Landsat yang diakses melalui Google Earth Engine (GEE), dengan menerapkan Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) dan Modified Normalized Water Index (MNDWI) untuk mendeteksi area terbangun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada lahan terbangun di beberapa kecamatan, terutama di Biringkanaya, Tamalanrea, dan Manggala, sejalan dengan peningkatan populasi yang signifikan di wilayah tersebut. Namun, wilayah seperti Tallo dan Tamalate, meskipun mencatat pertumbuhan penduduk yang lebih tinggi, menunjukkan tingkat perubahan lahan terbangun yang lebih rendah. Fenomena ini disebabkan oleh keterbatasan lahan kosong, tingkat kepadatan yang telah tinggi, serta prioritas pembangunan yang berbeda. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa urbanisasi di Makassar perlu dikelola dengan hati-hati melalui kebijakan perencanaan ruang yang mempertimbangkan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi pemerintah daerah untuk merumuskan kebijakan tata ruang yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan.

Keywords

GEE; NDBI; sustainable development; land use; urbanization

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/region.v20i2.95473

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