Implementasi Perampasan Aset Tersangka Tindak Pidana Korupsi Yang Melarikan Diri Ditinjau Dari Peraturan Peundang Undangan Yang Berlaku

Abstract

Abstrak: Tindak pidana korupsi selalu menjadi fenomena yang konsisten setiap tahunnya, Banyak kasus kasus besar yang sangat merugikan keuangan negara, seperti kasus korupsi tambang dengan kerugian negara mencapai 217 Triliyun, Untuk mengembalikan kerugian Negara salah satunya adalah melalui perampasan aset. Namun dalam praktiknya memiliki banyak kendala karena berkaitan dengan system hukum di Indonesia. DPR telah merancang undang - undang mengenai perampasan asset namun draft Rancangan Undang Undang Perampasan Aset sampai saat ini belum juga disahkan. RUU perampasan asset merupakan harapan besar bagi penegak hukum  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana implementasi mekanisme perampasan aset saat ini dan bagaimana prospek RUU perampasan aset dalam mengatur perampasan aset bagi tersangka tindak pidana korupsi yang melarikan diri.  Maka penulis menggunakan metodologi penelitian yuridis normative, Sifat penelitian perspektif dan terapan. Menggunakan pendekatan undang- undang dan pendekatan konseptual. Kesimpulan secara spesifik perampasan aset tindak pidana korupsi diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi jo. UU No. 20 Tahun 2001 yaitu pada Pasal 18 yang mengatur perampasan aset sebagai pidana tambahan bagi pelaku korupsi. Mekanisme perampasan aset pada tersangka yang melarikan diri dan tidak diketahui keberaadaannya dalam system hukum di Indonesia ini sebenrnya dirancang di dalam RUU Perampasan Aset yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efektivitas perampasan aset pelaku korupsi yang melarikan diri melalui beberapa mekanisme utama yaitu Penerapan Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture (NCB).

Kata Kunci: Korupsi; Perampasan Aset

Abstract: Corruption crimes have consistently been a recurring phenomenon every year, with many major cases causing significant losses to state finances, such as the corruption case involving P.T Timah Tbk, with several individuals in the spotlight, namely Harvey Moeis and Helena Lin, which caused losses to the state amounting to 217 trillion rupiah. One way to recover these losses to the state is through asset forfeiture. However, in practice, there are many obstacles due to the legal system in Indonesia. The House of Representatives has drafted a law on asset forfeiture, but the draft Asset Forfeiture Bill has not yet been passed. The Asset Seizure Bill is a great hope for law enforcement. The purpose of this study is to determine how the asset seizure mechanism is currently implemented and what the prospects are for the Asset Seizure Bill in regulating the seizure of assets from suspects of corruption who have fled. Therefore, the author uses a normative legal research methodology, with a perspective and applied nature. A legal and conceptual approach was used. Specifically, the conclusion is that the confiscation of assets related to corruption is regulated in Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning Eradication of Corruption in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001, namely in Article 18, which regulates asset confiscation as an additional punishment for perpetrators of corruption. The mechanism for asset confiscation in the case of suspects who have fled and whose whereabouts are unknown in the system aw in Indonesia was actually drafted in the Asset Seizure Bill, which is expected to increase the effectiveness of asset seizure from corrupt individuals who have fled through several key mechanisms, namely the application of asset seizure without criminal prosecution, where the object is assets or goods (in rem), rather than criminal prosecution of individuals (in personam), or what can be referred to as Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture (NCB). 

Keywords: Corruption; Asset Forfeiture