Metafora Berbentuk Frasa Nomina dalam 3 Buku Karya Fiersa Basari (Kajian Semantik)

Abstract

Abstract: The basic concept of this study was a certain abstract domains always used expressions metaphorically to exposed their abstract concepts. The purposed of the study were to find out the clasifications of targets domain and sources domain in the using of metaphor. The research’s approach were used descriptive qualitative. The data were taken by content analysis method by Krippendorff (2004) which were combined with the methods of simak and intropeksi by Sudaryanto (2015). The data’s sources were 3 books of Basari entitled “Garis Waktu (2015)”, “Konspiraasi Alam Semesta (2017)”, and “11:11 (2018)”. The research’s data were metaphors structured in nominal-nominal with the data target domain were abstract noun. The analysis used the approach of content analysis and the theory of domain classifications by Kövecses (2010). The result of the study showed that 9 classifications of target domain were found, they were emotion, desire, time, life and death, society and nation, human relationship, event and action, morality, and thought. On the other hand, there were 10 classifications of source domain were found, they were plant, buildings and construction, money and economic transaction (business), light and darkness, movement and direction, movies, book, smoking and drugs, bond, and natural environment.

Abstrak: Konsep dasar penelitian ini adalah suatu domain abstrak untuk mengkonkretkan maknanya selalu memunculkan pengunaan metafora. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan klasifikasi domain sumber dan domain target dari metafora berbentuk frasa nomina. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Pemerolehan data melalui metode analisis isi (content analysis) oleh Krippendorff (2004) dipadukan dengan metode simak dan intropeksi oleh Sudaryanto (2015). Sumber data penelitian berupa tiga buku karya Fiersa Basari berjudul “Garis Waktu (2015)”, Konspirasi Alam Semesta (2017)”, dan “11:11 (2018)”. Data penelitian berupa metafora berstruktur nomina-nomina dengan domain targetnya berupa nomina abstrak. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan pendekatan metode content analysis dengan pisau analisis menggunakan teori pengklasifikasian domain oleh Kövecses (2010). Hasil analisis menunjukkan 9 klasifikasi domain target yang digunakan, yakni domain target emosi, keinginan, waktu, kehidupan dan kematian, kehidupan sosial dan kenegaraan, hubungan sesama manusia, kejadian dan aksi, pemikiran, serta moral. Sedangkan 10 klasifikasi domain sumber yang digunakan adalah domain sumber tumbuhan, bangunan dan konstruksi, uang dan transaksi ekonomi, cahaya dan kegelapan, perpindahan dan arah, perfilman, buku, rokok dan narkoba, ikatan, dan lingkungan alam.