Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Praktik Pelaporan Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) oleh Apoteker di Beberapa Rumah Sakit di Surabaya

Tamzil Azizi Musdar, Muhammad Thariq Nadhafi, Lestiono Lestiono, Lichijati Lichijati, Umi Athiyah, Yunita Nita

Abstract

Permasalahan kurangnya pelaporan ADRs sudah berjalan lama diseluruh dunia. Partisipasi apoteker dalam pelaporan ADRs diharapkan dapat mengatasi permasalahan ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi praktik pelaporan ADRs oleh apoteker yang bekerja di beberapa rumah sakit di wilayah Surabaya. Penelitian ini adalah studi cross sectional. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh apoteker yang bekerja di tiga rumah sakit di Surabaya. Kriteria rumah sakit adalah yang pernah mengirimkan laporan ADRs kepada Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) Indonesia. Sejumlah 49 apoteker berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Instrumen pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan daftar pertanyaan wawancara. Kuesioner yang digunakan sebelumnya telah melalui pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas. Kuesioner terdiri dari pernyataan-pernyataan meliputi demografi responden, pengetahuan, sikap, akses sarana, lingkungan (perilaku tenaga kesehatan lain), dan praktik yang berkaitan dengan pelaporan ADRs. Pada lembar wawancara berisi pernyataan-pernyataan meliputi ketersediaan sarana dan kebijakan/peraturan terkait pelaporan ADRs. Pada uji pengaruh menggunakan regresi linear berganda diperoleh variabel pengetahuan (p=0,036), dan variabel ketersediaan dan akses sarana pelaporan ADRs (p=0,002) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap praktik pelaporan ADRs. Diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pengetahuan dan ketersediaan dan akses sarana merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap praktik pelaporan ADRs oleh apoteker di rumah sakit.

Keywords

Apoteker; Tenaga kesehatan; Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs)

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jpscr.v6i2.49794

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