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Isolasi Sinensetin dari Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus Blume miq.) Varietas Putih
Abstract
Kumis kucing mengandung metabolit sekunder sinensetin yang termasuk ke dalam golongan senyawa flavonoid. Sinensetin berpotensi sebagai agen antivirus dan imunomodulator. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah standardisasi tanaman kumis kucing varietas putih dan upaya produksi senyawa sinensetin. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metoda maserasi. Tahap pemisahan lanjutan dilakukan dengan metoda ekstraksi cair-cair, kromatografi kolom dan kromatografi cair vakum. Hasil ekstraksi cair-cair terpilih tiga fraksi yaitu fraksi air, etil asetat dan n-heksana. Sebanyak 2,08 gram fraksi etil asetat dilanjutkkan pada tahap pemisahan lanjutan menggunakan kromatografi cair vakum dengan fasa diam silika gel H60 dan fasa gerak n-heksana dan etil asetat. Hasil dari kromatografi cair vakum diperoleh sebanyak 11 subfraksi. Penggabungan dilakukan pada subfraksi 8-11 yang terdeteksi adanya senyawa sinensetin, selanjutnya terhadap subfraksi gabungan dilakukan pemisaahan lanjutan dengan kromatografi kolom. Hasil pemisahan dengan kromatografi kolom diperoleh subfraksi sebanyak 142 vial. Pada subfraksi hasil kromatografi kolom nomor 91-114 terdeteksi adanya isolat sinensetin. Kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif (KLTP) gabungan subfraksi kromatografi kolom 91-114 (SFK) menunjukkan adanya senyawa sinensetin. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan kemurnian dengan menggunakan KLT 2 dimensi dan analisis profil spektrum UV isolat diduga senyawa sinensetin.
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